tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-70761332542129650472024-03-05T07:56:09.058-08:00Garden Notes<br> <br> <br>
being the collected handouts from classes David King teaches at UCLA Extension and elsewhere...David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.comBlogger306125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-89188373141809757982019-11-10T10:52:00.003-08:002019-11-10T10:52:38.972-08:00Some Suggested Reading for Seed Saving People<div align="LEFT" style="background-color: #f6f6f6; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: calibri, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><i><b>Against The Grain</b></i><b>, James Scott, </b><span style="color: #333333;"><b>©</b></span><b> 2017 Yale University Press, </b>Tossing most of our understanding of man's initial impulse to move from hunter/gathererSome Su to living in communities that farmed, Scott takes the whole explanation for why humans made the shift and calls our current hypotheses mostly fictional! Not a seed book or seed guide, but a discussion about the beginning of civilization.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: calibri, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><i><b>A Seed Saving Guide for Gardeners and Farmers</b></i><b> </b><span style="color: #333333;"><b>©</b></span><b> 2010 Organic Seed Alliance Publication, available at seedaliance.org/ publications/guide/seed-saving-guide-gardeners-farmers T</b>his is a free guide of about 35 pages. For free, it is the best deal on this page. It covers everything you need for saving seeds and it does so without fuss or mess. This is excellent for any seed saver; I have a copy at hand on my desk that has seen its fair share of use. (I downloaded it, put it on a memory stick, took it to my copy center, they printed the whole thing out for a few bucks and I bought a cover for it. The cover has pockets and I've added single pages to that I have found over the years. It, and Deppe's book, make up the most used portion of my library.)</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: calibri, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><i><b>Breed Your Own Vegetable Varieties: The Gardener's and Farmer's Guide to Plant Breeding and Seed Saving, 2nd Edition,</b></i><b> Carol Deppe, </b><span style="color: #333333;"><b>©</b></span><b> 2000 Chelsea Green Publishing </b>This is my go to resource when I have questions about seed saving. Deppe's first half is all about plant breeding and a lot of it is over my head, but the second half of the book is simple, direct and precious. This is my favorite resource about seed saving. And there's all that breeding information in the front if you ever get the call to start breeding your own varieties!</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: calibri, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><i><b>The Seed Underground: A Growing Revolution to Save Food,</b></i><b> Janisse Ray, </b><span style="color: #333333;"><b>©</b></span><b> 2012, Chelsea Green Publishing </b>Janisse Ray is a writer with enough awards you'd think she'd give other, less-talented, writers a chance to win a prize or two, but in this offering, she presents a number of essays aimed at seeds and our understanding of them and how they affect our lives, our culture and our future on the planet. Of all the books here, this is the most charming and therefore easy to read, but she really does give instruction on saving seeds as well as everything else! If you can't imagine yourself reading anything about seeds, start here.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: calibri, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><i><b>The Story of Corn, </b></i><b>Betsy Fussell, </b><b><span style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">©</span></span> 2014, University of New Mexico Press</b> This is a magnificent collection of our understanding of corn, from many different angles. Fussell has a masterpiece of a book, I have read it cover to cover twice and I'm planning to reread it again this year. This is a powerful piece of reading (as are most on this page), but I have special place in my heart for this book.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: calibri, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><i><b>Where Our Food Comes From,</b></i></span></span><span style="font-family: calibri, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b> Gary Paul Nabhan, </b></span></span><span style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-family: calibri, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>©</b></span></span></span><span style="font-family: calibri, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b> 2009, Shearwater Books</b></span></span><span style="font-family: calibri, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">, Gary Paul Nabhan has written a wonderful book describing the work of one of the world's most visionay seed scientist, Nicolay Vavilov and his efforts to end famine in our world. This book, while not about the act of seed saving, introduces the necessity of saving seeds cut against the background of the nascent Soviet Union's violent lurching towards a sustainable country. Surely as exciting as any who-done-it you've ever read and it really happened!</span></span><br /><span style="font-family: calibri, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span><span style="font-family: calibri, sans-serif;">There are more... </span><br /><span style="font-family: calibri, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: calibri, sans-serif;">david </span></div>
David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-1999395847484796652019-04-10T18:58:00.001-07:002019-04-10T20:07:24.709-07:00Syllabus, Urban Food, Spring 2019 (2nd iteration)<br />
<ol>
<div align="CENTER" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Iteration Two</span></div>
</ol>
<h5 class="western">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Course Number: <span style="font-size: xx-small;">Biology
X 489.6 </span></span>
</span></h5>
<h2 class="western">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Instructor: David King</span></h2>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">310.722.3656</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="color: blue;"><u><a href="mailto:greenteach@roadrunner.com"><span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">greenteach@gmail.com</span></a></u></span></div>
<div style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">There are no
prerequisites for this course, although some experience with
gardening will prove useful.
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">All classes meet at
garden space on the UCLA Campus near DeVeve Hall on the north west
portion of the campus. It is not easy to find, I suggest going as a
group the first time (at least) and getting your bearing that way. We
do NOT have a classroom after the first meeting so we will meat at
some picnic tables for all classes after the first. ** If it rains we
meet any way. Most of our heavy rain is behind us, class will
continue in a light rain.**</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0.2in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;">The
production, packaging, and transportation of food are large
contributors to our global carbon emissions. Throughout the Los
Angeles Basin, food gardens have sprung up to produce local healthy
and nutritious fruits and vegetables while contributing energy and
financial savings in difficult economic times. Using the history of
growing food in the city in times of need as a template, this course
explores how homegrown food can reduce your food budget and address
environmental concerns. Participants each have a small plot for
growing food where they can experiment with new ideas and enjoy their
harvest. Topics include fruit trees, vegetables, and berries that do
well in our climate as well as often overlooked food-producing
perennials and how to grow food in modern city lots where the "back
forty" describes square feet and not acres.</span></div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
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<col width="52*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" valign="TOP" width="100%"><h2 class="western">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;">Textbooks Required If You Plan on Gardening
Here A Lot (but not required for the class) </span></h2>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="80%"><h5 class="western">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;">Title: <a amzn-ps-bm-asin="0376039213" class="amzn_ps_bm_tl" data-amzn-link-id="c05e8bd145f9e660548a9ea79c902e8f" data-amzn-ps-bm-keyword="The New Sunset Western Garden Book" href="http://www.amazon.com/New-Sunset-Western-Garden-Book/dp/0376039213/ref=as_li_bk_tl/?tag=lagabl-20&linkId=c05e8bd145f9e660548a9ea79c902e8f&linkCode=ktl" id="amznPsBmLink_9556158" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The New Sunset Western Garden Book</a><img alt="" border="0" height="0" id="amznPsBmPixel_9556158" src="https://ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com/e/ir?source=bk&t=lagabl-20&bm-id=default&l=ktl&linkId=c05e8bd145f9e660548a9ea79c902e8f&_cb=1554948260834" style="border: none !important; height: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important; width: 0px !important;" width="0" /></span></h5>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Author Brenzel,
Kathleen Norris (Editor)</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Edition Feb. 2012</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Publisher Sunset
Books</span></div>
<h5 class="western">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;">ISBN 978-0376039170</span></h5>
</td>
<td width="20%"><br /></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">There will be <i>no
assigned reading</i> from the book, but it really is essential if you
are gardening in Southern California. The most recent edition is not
really necessary, however, it does have more data in it and with each
edition Sunset pays more respect to food gardening. It is not
required for the course.
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">This will be
supplemented by postings on my Garden Notes blog,
<a href="http://lagardennotes.blogspot.com/">http://lagardennotes.blogspot.com/</a>
. I hope to post most of the material in the days prior to the class
when it will be used or immediately afterwards.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<colgroup><col width="132*"></col>
<col width="124*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" valign="TOP" width="100%"><h2 class="western">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Textbooks, Recommended:
</span></h2>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="51%"><h5 class="western">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;">Title: <a amzn-ps-bm-asin="0553081381" class="amzn_ps_bm_tl" data-amzn-link-id="60d8f14d65772b4e457b69fe8dec0d6f" data-amzn-ps-bm-keyword="The Kitchen Garden" href="http://www.amazon.com/Kitchen-Garden-Passionate-Gardeners-Comprehensive/dp/0553081381/ref=as_li_bk_tl/?tag=lagabl-20&linkId=60d8f14d65772b4e457b69fe8dec0d6f&linkCode=ktl" id="amznPsBmLink_4458914" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The Kitchen Garden</a><img alt="" border="0" height="0" id="amznPsBmPixel_4458914" src="https://ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com/e/ir?source=bk&t=lagabl-20&bm-id=default&l=ktl&linkId=60d8f14d65772b4e457b69fe8dec0d6f&_cb=1554948242568" style="border: none !important; height: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important; width: 0px !important;" width="0" /></span></h5>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Author Thompson,
Sylvia</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Edition First</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Publisher Bantam
Books</span></div>
<h5 class="western">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;">ISBN 0-553-08138-1</span></h5>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">*(She has a
companion cookbook that is worth investigation too!)
</span></div>
</td>
<td width="49%"><h5 class="western">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;">Title: <a amzn-ps-bm-asin="076035992X" class="amzn_ps_bm_tl" data-amzn-link-id="cdd9e9689c5bd2cab81d5a8b7e145b1c" data-amzn-ps-bm-keyword="Heirloom Vegetable Gardening" href="http://www.amazon.com/Heirloom-Vegetable-Gardening-Gardeners-Planting/dp/076035992X/ref=as_li_bk_tl/?tag=lagabl-20&linkId=cdd9e9689c5bd2cab81d5a8b7e145b1c&linkCode=ktl" id="amznPsBmLink_1776963" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Heirloom Vegetable Gardening</a><img alt="" border="0" height="0" id="amznPsBmPixel_1776963" src="https://ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com/e/ir?source=bk&t=lagabl-20&bm-id=default&l=ktl&linkId=cdd9e9689c5bd2cab81d5a8b7e145b1c&_cb=1554948227872" style="border: none !important; height: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important; width: 0px !important;" width="0" /></span></h5>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Author Weaver,
William Woys</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Edition Second!!
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Publisher Henry
Holt</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>ISBN 978-0760359921 </b>
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">A NEW edition at
last!!!</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="51%"><div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Title: <a amzn-ps-bm-asin="1601079745" class="amzn_ps_bm_tl" data-amzn-link-id="ad4a19a56eb67a726ec46d07abaa2c7b" data-amzn-ps-bm-keyword=" Pests of the Garden and Small Farm" href="http://www.amazon.com/Pests-Garden-Small-Louise-Flint/dp/1601079745/ref=as_li_bk_tl/?tag=lagabl-20&linkId=ad4a19a56eb67a726ec46d07abaa2c7b&linkCode=ktl" id="amznPsBmLink_7554767" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"> Pests of the Garden and Small Farm</a><img alt="" border="0" height="0" id="amznPsBmPixel_7554767" src="https://ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com/e/ir?source=bk&t=lagabl-20&bm-id=default&l=ktl&linkId=ad4a19a56eb67a726ec46d07abaa2c7b&_cb=1554948194414" style="border: none !important; height: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important; width: 0px !important;" width="0" /></b></span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Author Flint, Mary
Louise
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Edition 2nd</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Publisher Univ of
California Agriculture & Natural Resources</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>ISBN-13: 978-1879906402 </b>
</span></div>
</td>
<td width="49%"><b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Title: <a amzn-ps-bm-asin="160358031X" class="amzn_ps_bm_tl" data-amzn-link-id="f3ba786a13abecb58e6f34086641809e" data-amzn-ps-bm-keyword="The Resilient Gardener" href="http://www.amazon.com/Resilient-Gardener-Production-Self-Reliance-Uncertain/dp/160358031X/ref=as_li_bk_tl/?tag=lagabl-20&linkId=f3ba786a13abecb58e6f34086641809e&linkCode=ktl" id="amznPsBmLink_5224431" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The Resilient Gardener</a><img alt="" border="0" height="0" id="amznPsBmPixel_5224431" src="https://ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com/e/ir?source=bk&t=lagabl-20&bm-id=default&l=ktl&linkId=f3ba786a13abecb58e6f34086641809e&_cb=1554948215857" style="border: none !important; height: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important; width: 0px !important;" width="0" /></span></b><br />
<div style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Author Deppe, Carol</span></div>
<div style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Edition First</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Publisher
</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Chelsea
Green</span></span></span></span><br />
<div class="western">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">ISBN-13: 978-1603580311</span></b></div>
<div style="font-style: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 0.2in; orphans: 2; widows: 2;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>There will be no
assigned reading from any of these books. </b> The rest of the
literature, as references, will prove invaluable to any serious
student in this field. There will be bibliographies describing other
books as the quarter progresses, I am a ferocious reader and not at
all shy about suggesting books I think deserve your attention. From
the bibliography, you will choose one book to read and report on.
This report will be turned in at the end of class; see the point
assignment structure on the next page.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<h2 class="western">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Course Schedule:
</span></h2>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#ffffff" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0" style="width: 572px;">
<colgroup><col width="136"></col>
<col width="406"></col>
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>DATE</b></span></div>
</td>
<td width="406"><h6 class="western">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">TOPIC</span></h6>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136"><div align="CENTER" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">07
April
</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406"><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Introduction/Seed
Starting/Urban gardening in context today/12 Points to a Better
Garden Sustainability and Food Issues in Modern America/Visit
Garden
</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136"><div align="CENTER" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: #333333;">14
April </span>
</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406"><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: #333333;">Books/The
Journal/Food crops of summer/growing up </span>
</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136"><div align="CENTER" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: #333333;">21
April </span>
</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406"><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: #333333;">HOLIDAY:
EASTER </span>
</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136"><div align="CENTER" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">28
April</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406"><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tools/Urban
Gardens Bigger Picture</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136"><div align="CENTER" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">05
May</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406"><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Planting/Sheet
composting/Composting/ Planting Timing and
Design/SLOLA/Seeds/Light/Water/</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136"><div align="CENTER" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">12
May</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406"><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Sources/Annuals/
Soil Contamination and Remediation</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136"><div align="CENTER" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">19
May</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406"><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: #333333;">Planting/Companions/Crop
Rotation in a Small Garden/ Beekeeping?/Introduction to goat
keeping (?) </span>
</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136"><div align="CENTER" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: #333333;">26
May </span>
</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406"><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: #333333;">HOLIDAY:
MEMORIAL DAY </span>
</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136"><div align="CENTER" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">02
June</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406"><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: #333333;">Goats
in the Urban Foodscapes </span>
</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136"><div align="CENTER" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">09
June</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406"><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136"><div align="CENTER" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">16
June</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406"><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Planning
for Continuous Harvests/Potluck/Submit your journal etc for a
grade.</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div align="CENTER" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">(Syllabus
may be changed as needed to reflect reality.)
</span></div>
<div align="CENTER" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Please note that in
Spring quarter there are a few holidays and plants do not take a
holiday. – we will need to ensure that watering happens to keep
the plants alive if there is no rain while we all enjoy our
celebrations.
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Point Assignment Structure </b>
</span></div>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#ffffff" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<colgroup><col width="76*"></col>
<col width="66*"></col>
<col width="10*"></col>
<col width="68*"></col>
<col width="36*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="30%"><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Class participation
(and cooperation)</span></div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="20" width="26%"><div align="RIGHT" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">20</span></div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#333333" width="4%"><div align="CENTER" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#cccccc" width="27%"><div align="CENTER" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Grade
of A</span></div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#cccccc" width="14%"><div align="LEFT" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> 90%</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="30%"><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Garden Journal</span></div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="20" width="26%"><div align="RIGHT" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">20</span></div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#333333" width="4%"><div align="CENTER" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#cccccc" width="27%"><div align="CENTER" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">B</span></div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#cccccc" width="14%"><div align="LEFT" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">80%</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="30%"><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">1 page book review</span></div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="20" width="26%"><div align="RIGHT" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">20</span></div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#333333" width="4%"><div align="CENTER" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#cccccc" width="27%"><div align="CENTER" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">C</span></div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#cccccc" width="14%"><div align="LEFT" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">70%</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="30%"><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Planting Project</span></div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="40" width="26%"><div align="RIGHT" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">40</span></div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#333333" width="4%"><div align="CENTER" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#cccccc" width="27%"><div align="CENTER" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">D and
F</span></div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#cccccc" width="14%"><div align="LEFT" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Failing</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="30%"><div class="western">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">TOTAL</span></b></div>
</td>
<td width="26%"><div align="RIGHT" class="western">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">100</span></b></div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#333333" width="4%"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#cccccc" width="27%"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#cccccc" width="14%"><div align="LEFT" class="western">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<ul>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
</div>
</ul>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">I have two
over-arching goals in all the classes I teach:
</span></div>
<ol>
<ol>
<ol>
<li><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">To teach folks
how to grow some of their own food.</span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">To teach folks
how to be a part of a community. </span></div>
</li>
</ol>
</ol>
</ol>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">If you want a good
grade, keep that in mind. These are the things we will need as a
people in the very near future. If we don't learn this, we will be
in deep trouble.</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Therefore, please
note, I try to grade you on your personal improvement. <i><b>Cooperation
is counted more than competition in my classes. </b></i>
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Office hours are by
appointment only – please call or email me. I am willing to meet
with you; I want you to learn; I do not want you to struggle. Please
do not hesitate to call me, rather than try to talk to me in class
when I can't really give you undivided attention. Extra points are
available if you wish to earn more credit.
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Each class, as we
start, will usually begin with lecture and then proceed to the garden
where we will share the garden chores and harvest.
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><i><b>You are
encouraged to experiment in the garden plot. </b></i>Your process
should be <i>thoroughly</i> documented in your journal – your
thinking and your understanding of what is happening in your garden.
If you have a problem, research a solution.
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Pick one book from the
ones presented in class to read and report on.
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;">As often as I can,
I will prepare some seasonal food to eat. There are no places to buy
food while in class and we are here for four hours. Students are
<span style="font-weight: normal;">encouraged</span> to bring in food
to share with the class at all meetings. <i><b>Students should bring
in their own plate and eating utensils so we can have a minimum waste
event. </b></i><b>The last class meeting will be a potluck where we
will all share local and fresh food! (That's the point, right?)</b></span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;">Criteria for your
garden journal grade:</span></div>
<ol>
<li><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;">Documentation of
what you planted when</span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Documentation of
weather elements – temperature (minimum and maximum) as well as an
precipitation and noting humidity or dryness, especially of Santa
Ana winds. </span>
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Germination per
cent of plant sown from seed </span>
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Choice of
varieties sources and reasoning </span>
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;">Success/failures
discussed – alternatives to failures/expansion of successes</span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Plans for the
future </span>
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Drawings (or
photos) of the garden (either done by hand or by computer program)
NOTE: this notebook is NOT your class notes – they might be
included, but what I want are your garden observations! </span>
</span></div>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Criteria
for your garden plot grade:
</span></div>
<ol>
<li><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">You
should experiment and try something you have never done – explore!</span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Our
plot and adjacent pathways must be cleared of weeds.</span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Our
plot and adjacent pathways must be well mulched. (Up to me to find
the mulch.)
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">All
of our plot should be attractive and be growing some food.
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Your
journal should indicate you learned something from the plot, your
journal and your plot are intertwined and work together.</span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">When
presented with the opportunity, you should cooperate with other
students, help those in need and be team member of this class.</span></div>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The
person who starts from seed vs. bringing in growing plants, will have
plants not nearly as far along as the others – but stands to make a
better grade if they have experimented with growing from seed – I
am more interested that you LEARN in this class – just doing what
you already have done doesn't teach you anything. We are all
gardeners here, if we don't have patience yet, we soon will.
Cultivate patience with your plants in this class setting.</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">All
handouts (including this syllabus) will be available on the blog
site:
</span></div>
<div class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div align="CENTER" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: medium;"><a href="http://lagardennotes.blogspot.com/">http://lagardennotes.blogspot.com/</a></span></div>
<div align="LEFT" class="western" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div align="LEFT" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Please keep a
sweater or jacket handy. Class is <b>not</b> canceled on account of
rain. As long as you can hear my voice, class will go on, though I
will try to get us out of a rain. </span>
</span></div>
<br />David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-74803159188924616342019-04-10T18:51:00.000-07:002019-04-10T18:51:04.713-07:00First Adjustment to Our Class Schedule, Urban Food, Spring Edition<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">As mentioned in the first class there were adjustments that had to be made to the syllabus as the dates on the syllabus didn't match up with reality. This is still not final, there is still one day blank (09 June), but I think I might have some excellent material to cover on that day - though I am still open to suggestions! I appreciate your input! </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span>
<br />
<h2 class="western">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Course Schedule:
</span></h2>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#ffffff" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0" style="width: 572px;">
<colgroup><col width="136"></col>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: medium;">DATE</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406">
<h6 class="western">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">TOPIC</span></h6>
</td>
</tr>
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<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">07 April
</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Introduction/Seed Starting/Urban gardening in context today/12
Points to a Better Garden Sustainability and Food Issues in Modern
America/Visit Garden
</span><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="color: #333333;">14 April </span>
</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="color: #333333;">Books/The Journal/Food crops of
summer/growing up </span>
</span><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="color: #333333;">21 April </span>
</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="color: #333333;">HOLIDAY: EASTER </span>
</span><br />
</td>
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<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">28 April</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Tools/Urban Gardens Bigger Picture</span><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">05 May</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Planting/Sheet composting/Composting/
Planting Timing and Design/SLOLA/Seeds/Light/Water/</span><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">12 May</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Sources/Annuals/ Soil Contamination and
Remediation</span><br />
</td>
</tr>
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<td width="136">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">19 May</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="color: #333333;">Planting/Companions/Crop Rotation in a
Small Garden/ Beekeeping?/Introduction to goat keeping (?) </span>
</span><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="color: #333333;">26 May </span>
</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="color: #333333;">HOLIDAY: MEMORIAL DAY </span>
</span><br />
</td>
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<td width="136">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">02 June</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="color: #333333;">Goats in the Urban Foodscapes </span>
</span><br />
</td>
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<td width="136">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">09 June</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br />
</span><br />
</td>
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<td width="136">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">16 June</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Planning for Continuous
Harvests/Potluck/Submit your journal etc for a grade.</span><br />
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<br />David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-46284533288631788602018-10-26T21:16:00.000-07:002018-10-26T21:17:31.552-07:00Propagating California Native Plants <br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/open?id=1dxMMruGlwz9AjQTClgJtxx6KBrsrs1Mc" target="_blank">This is the URL</a> to get the PDF book on propagating California Natives from Santa Ana Botanical Gardens. This text was referenced in today's talk! </div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Follows are the handouts, if you didn't get them in class.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<div align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: large;">A Reading
List for California Plant and their Propagation </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
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<tr>
<td valign="TOP" width="100%">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Assembling California (Annals of
the Former World)</b>; McPhee, John, Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Publishers, ©1993 A small and quick read that is as delightful
as it is informative. Find out about the soils of the California
Floristic Provence and how they 'call the shots' for many of the
plants we have in this part of the world. It's fascinating!
</div>
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="TOP" width="100%">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>California Native Plants for the
Garden</b>; Borstein, Carol, Fross, David and O'Brien, Bart,
Cachuma Press <span style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 9pt;">©</span></span></span>
2005 I was around at this books' publication and it really caused
a storm – the photos of California plants put to creative use in
glossy photographs made this book fly off the shelves! It really
is a delightful and colorful addition to those gardens using
plants native to California.</div>
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="TOP" width="100%">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>California Plants, A Guide to Our
Iconic Flora</b>; Ritter, Matt, <span style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 9pt;">©</span></span></span>
2018 Pacific Street Publishing; A concise guide with many color
photos! A foreward from the Goveror, Edmund Brown! Newly in
print so it has more up to date plant names. Good photos make
identification of plants a cinch.</div>
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="TOP" width="100%">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>California Plant Families</b>;
Keater, Glenn, University of California Press, <span style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 9pt;">©</span></span></span>
2009 Keator is one of the more prolific botanists on the scene at
this time, and this is written with authority – Illustrations by
Margaret J. Steunenberg, and beautifully done. Definitely a must
have if you are really getting into Californian plants.
</div>
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="TOP" width="100%">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Complete Garden Guide to the
Native Perennials of California</b>; Keator, Glenn, Chronical
Books, <span style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 9pt;">©</span></span></span>
1990 I got my copy when it was rumored that it was no longer
published – those rumors came true a few years later, but I know
you can buy used copies of this marvelous book from used book
outlets. As above, this is hand-illustrated with detailed
drawings and is definitely a keeper.
</div>
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Gardening with a Wild Heart;</b>
Lowery, Judith Larner; University of California Press, <span style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 9pt;">©</span></span></span>
2007 Not a book of facts and figures, but a story of California
Natives and a woman's love for them. When I first started in
California Natives, I was ordering seeds from Larner Seeds and this
is the woman we meet on these pages. Lowery's wonderful measured
point of view comes thru on a variety of essays that include
discussions of wildflower gardening, the ecology of native grasses,
wildland seed-collecting, principles of natural design, and
plant/animal interactions.
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
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<colgroup><col width="256*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr>
<td valign="TOP" width="100%">
<b>Seed Propagation of Native California Plants;</b> Emory,
Dana; Emory was the plant propagator for the Santa Barbara
Botanical Garden in the 1950's. There was no book on propagating
California Native Seeds, and it was Emory's job to do just that.
So Dana Emory wrote the book. It was never meant for publishing,
being just the notes year after year that were accumalated. If
you're looking for a thriller, this aint it. However, even though
somewhat dated, it is a resource and if you can find one, it
belongs on your shelf. The only one for sale I found writing this
was priced at $143.52!
<br />
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<h5 align="CENTER" class="western">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="Cismontane_chaparral_plant_species"></a>
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: sans-serif;">A
List of Cismontane chaparral plant species</span></span></span></h5>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">In
Central and Southern California chaparral forms a dominant
habitat. Members of the chaparral biota native to California, all of
which tend to regrow quickly after fires, include:</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Adenostoma
fasciculatum</i>, chamise</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Adenostoma
sparsifolium,</i> redshanks</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Arctostaphylos</i> spp.,
manzanita</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Ceanothus </i>spp.,
ceanothus</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Cercocarpus </i>spp.,
mountain mahogany</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Cneoridium
dumosum,</i> bush rue</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Eriogonum
fasciculatum,</i> California buckwheat</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Garrya</i> spp.,
silk-tassel bush</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Hesperoyucca
whipplei,</i> yucca</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Heteromeles
arbutifolia</i>, toyon</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Acmispon
glaber,</i> deerweed</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Malosma
laurina</i>, laurel sumac</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Marah
macrocarpus</i>, wild cucumber</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Mimulus
aurantiacus</i>, bush monkeyflower</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Pickeringia
montana</i>, chaparral pea</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Prunus
ilicifolia</i>, islay or hollyleaf cherry</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Quercus
berberidifolia</i>, scrub oak</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Q.
dumosa</i>, scrub oak</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Q.
wislizenii</i> var. frutescens</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Rhamnus
californica</i>, California coffeeberry</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Rhus
integrifolia</i>, lemonade berry</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Rhus
ovata</i>, sugar bush</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Salvia
apiana</i>, white sage</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Salvia
mellifera</i>, black sage</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><i>Xylococcus
bicolor</i>, mission manzanita</span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">Go
to
<a href="https://lagardennotes.blogspot.com/2018/10/propagating-california-native-plants.html">https://lagardennotes.blogspot.com/2018/10/propagating-california-native-plants.html</a>
to get the notes on this class.</span></div>
</div>
<br />
<br />
davidDavid Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-70846436880139546622018-03-12T19:03:00.001-07:002018-03-12T19:03:52.651-07:00Handout From Katarina Eriksson <br />
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<span style="font-family: Comic Sans MS, serif;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><b><br /></b></span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxT2RZQZgteQy4ZVHvAE-idQz7mmPj0fBfhwOmZmVtSeWOL02AIKF5RXlUwM-m11Iy6vI_LcTkO3eEdDq12Hj0UzkZU3Qotyo9Ge8GtxkGHPzXRHu4o-dr8jq3-a84efwx6Hwcl1Unfnc/s1600/Kat+Photo+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="194" data-original-width="259" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxT2RZQZgteQy4ZVHvAE-idQz7mmPj0fBfhwOmZmVtSeWOL02AIKF5RXlUwM-m11Iy6vI_LcTkO3eEdDq12Hj0UzkZU3Qotyo9Ge8GtxkGHPzXRHu4o-dr8jq3-a84efwx6Hwcl1Unfnc/s1600/Kat+Photo+2.jpg" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-Vrr2LVbobKAGw-7utcyOEPUmXQCw3ba9s7QfLNPHPHGg_FygTAhGNWCPRMyyYqQ7YbiG01OYAizVO4skGYZU4ZJ_ByuUFEsLW_EXh5Jl-0_bKYeKrDzPQ8iIOLObrBmGleH6LJ3luXE/s1600/Kat+Photo+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="200" data-original-width="184" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-Vrr2LVbobKAGw-7utcyOEPUmXQCw3ba9s7QfLNPHPHGg_FygTAhGNWCPRMyyYqQ7YbiG01OYAizVO4skGYZU4ZJ_ByuUFEsLW_EXh5Jl-0_bKYeKrDzPQ8iIOLObrBmGleH6LJ3luXE/s1600/Kat+Photo+1.jpg" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Comic Sans MS, serif;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><b>Plant Propagation
by Leaf Cuttings: </b></span></span>
</div>
<div align="CENTER" style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-family: Comic Sans MS, serif;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><b>Instructions for
the Home Gardener </b></span></span>
</div>
<div align="CENTER" style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-family: Tahoma, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">by Katarina Eriksson,
Horticulturist. </span></span>
</div>
<div align="CENTER" style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-family: Tahoma, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Owner of Kat Eriksson’s
Landscaping & High End Garden Maintenance </span></span>
</div>
<div align="CENTER" style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<a href="mailto:katsflowers@gmail.com"><span style="font-family: Tahoma, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><u>katsflowers@gmail.com</u></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Tahoma, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span>
</div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">2017</span></span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: medium;">Why use vegetative propagation? VP.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: medium;">The new plants are clones – Genetically identical to
parent plant, not sexual propagation with 2 parents, as in seeds.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: medium;">VP. Preserves unusual and valuable plant traits that may
not pass with seed. </span>
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: medium;">VP. Used to reproduce plants that seldom flower or are
sterile. </span>
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: medium;">VP. Can be much faster than growing an equivalent plant
by seed. Some like african violet will bloom faster than seedlings.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: medium;">And it's fun!!!!</span></div>
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<br />
</div>
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WHAT YOU NEED, <span style="font-size: small;"><b>Types of Media used for propagation: </b></span>
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">(All equipment should be clean and sterile at all times,
Use rubbing alcohol or mouthwash on the blades and hard surfaces). </span>
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Sterile soil, and a clean bucket or container to mix in.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Sterile pots, 3 to 4 inch is good.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Sharp knife or scissors/pruner or snips.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Rooting hormone or willow water (see last page) paper
towel or clean rags.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Chopsticks.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Hair pins or thin wire.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Container to act like a mini greenhouse, like clear
plastic shoe box. Can re-use clean plastic food containers with lids.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Watering can with soft nozzle, spray bottle, clear
filtered or rain water.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Personal safety: </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Wear mask
when mixing soils or handling chemicals that can irritate breathing.
I use medical gloves when mixing soil. Safety glasses are recommended
for contact wearers. I use a very sharp blade on my cutters and
knifes, keep them sterilized and always point away from you. Use
common sense and safety first!</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">CHOOSE FROM ONE OF THESE PROPAGATION SOIL MIXES. </span></div>
<ul>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">½ clean sand with ½ good quality potting soil. NOT
STERILE </span>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">OR</span></div>
<ul>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">½ clean sand with ½ moistened peat moss, or coir.
(Good for Begonias, African Violets and succulents)</span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">OR</span></div>
<ul>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
⅓ <span style="font-size: small;">perlite and ⅓ vermiculite with ⅓ peat or coir.
(</span><span style="font-size: small;"><u>This is my usual mix for most plants. it's
completely sterile so less chance of fungal rot disease.) </u></span><span style="font-size: small;">
</span>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">OR</span></div>
<ul>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; widows: 0;">
⅓ <span style="font-size: small;">clean sand with ⅓ perlite and ⅓ or less
vermiculite. (best for succulents, and plants that need very good
drainage) </span>
</div>
</li>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">(cactus and succulents can be in straight clean sand)</span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; widows: 0;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">MIX IN A CLEAN BIN OR BUCKET ADD WATER VERY SLOWLY. (The
propagation medium should be as sterile as you can make it and
moistened before use. Many organic materials, like coir or peat moss,
resists wetting at first. </span><span style="font-size: small;"><u>(Its aquaphobic)</u></span><span style="font-size: small;">.
Warm water helps.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Be sure to apply </span><span style="font-size: small;"><u>warm water
(Distilled or rain water is best) slowly</u></span><span style="font-size: small;">
while mixing to obtain uniform distribution. This may require 2-3
applications a little at a time. It is not uncommon for a medium to
look wet on the surface but to be powdery dry in the middle. A well
moistened media will make it easier to stick in the cuttings later
on. But if it's too wet, it may rot your cuttings, it should be able
to be squeezed in a ball and not be soggy.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Non chlorinated or rain water is best, and a watering
can with a soft rain spout. MAKE SURE IT'S THOROUGHLY MIXED AND
MOIST.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: medium;"><b>LEAF CUTTINGS, Vegetative reproduction</b></span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Use with African Violet, Mother-in-law tongue, piggy
back plant, etc.</b></span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">USE ONLY HEALTHY LEAVES, not too old or too young, if
spotted, diseased or damaged, you may have less than average chance
of success. </span>
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Few plants can be propagated from just a leaf or a
section of a leaf. (Not all plants can be propagated this way, they
usually just decay) Because leaf cuttings do not include an axillary
bud, they can be used only for plants that are capable of forming
adventitious buds. </span>
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Because leaf cuttings do not include an </span><span style="font-size: small;"><u><b>axillary
bud</b></u></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b> (</b></span><span style="font-size: small;"><u><b>Axillary
bud </b></u></span><span style="font-size: small;">refers to structures that develop in
an unusual place) they can be used only for plants that are capable
of forming </span><span style="font-size: small;"><u><b>Adventitious buds</b></u></span><span style="font-size: small;">.
</span>
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Some leaves develop adventitious buds, which then form
adventitious roots, as part of vegetative reproduction; e.g.
</span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Piggyback plant </b></span><span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>(Tolmiea
menziesii)</b></i></span><span style="font-size: small;"> and </span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>mother-of-thousands
</b></span><span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>(Kalanchoe daigremontiana)</b></i></span><span style="font-size: small;">.
The adventitious plantlets then drop off the parent plant and develop
as separate clones of the parent.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">SOME EASY PLANTS THAT MAKE LEAF CUTTINGS</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Leaf cuttings are used almost exclusively for
propagating of some indoor plants and succulents, these are common
easy plants to try, e.g. </span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>African Violet,
Gloxinias, Begonia - rhizome types, Peperomia, Episcia, ZZ plant,
and piggyback plant, </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">which is a Calif native
forest plant. </span>
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Some succulents are usually propagated by leaf cuttings.
Genera typically propagated by leaf cuttings include but are not
limited to: </span><span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>Gasteria spp</b></i></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>.
Christmas cactus, Haworthia, Hoya, Sansevieria, </b></span><span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>Kalanchoe,
Sedum, Graptopetalum</b></i></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>, </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">
etc.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<br />
</div>
<div align="CENTER" style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;">There are several types of leaf cuttings:</span></div>
<div align="CENTER" style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div>
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<br />
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</div>
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<span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div>
<div align="CENTER" style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div>
<div align="CENTER" style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; widows: 0;">
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; widows: 0;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Figure 1. </b></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><u><b>LEAF CUTTING
- LEAF-PETIOLE </b></u></span>
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<br />
</div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><u><b>LEAF CUTTING - LEAF-PETIOLE </b></u></span>
</div>
<ol>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">The knife must be very clean, or you risk infecting the
leaf. Remove a leaf and include up to 1 1/2 inches of the </span><span style="font-size: small;"><u>petiole</u></span><span style="font-size: small;">
(The stalk attaching the leaf blade to the stem or crown base). Or
carefully pull down and off mother plant. Allow to dry a little to
develop a callus bud.</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Leave the leaf some place protected from sun and kept
warm, long enough for a film (</span><span style="font-size: small;"><u>callus)</u></span><span style="font-size: small;">
to form over the cut part. This can take as little a few days to as
long as two weeks, depending on type of plant. This film will help
keep the cut part from getting infected by the soil, or rotting.</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Hold the leaf gently and dip the cut end of the petiole
into a rooting hormone. </span>
</div>
</li>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><b>(Figure 1)</b></span><span style="font-size: small;">. Insert the
petiole of the leaf into an appropriate medium at a 45 degree angle.
Since new plants develop at the base of the leaf it is important
that the leaf does not shade the new plants or touching anything
moist that might cause mold or rot.</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Keep leafy cuttings soil moist and humid at all times.
Don't keep leaves below soil line. Remove fallen leaves and diseased
cuttings or parts regularly.</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Increase the humidity around the cuttings. For a
single pot use a clear plastic bag propped up with chopsticks. When
using a standard black seedling tray, a clear plastic humidity dome
works well. Bottom heat of about 65-75 degrees F should be provided
if possible. Keep in a protected area that is like a mini greenhouse
or terrarium. I like a covered clear plastic storage bin/container,
or you can also use clean recycled clear food containers, like salad
boxes. </span>
</div>
</li>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Keep moist by misting often in warm weather and lightly
misted in cool weather. Never let dry out.</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Once the new plants have formed, (</span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Figure
1)</b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> in approximately 8 weeks, carefully
separate (</span><span style="font-size: small;"><u><b>divide</b></u></span><span style="font-size: small;"><u>)</u></span><span style="font-size: small;">
each new plant from the parent. (Chopsticks or tweezers can be used)
Avoid damaging the delicate roots. It is these new plantlets which
form around the stem which are used to transplant. The old leaf can
be discarded. Sometimes is a mass of clusters of plantlets, so
divide carefully.</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Transplant each new plant into a 2 ½ -4 inch pot,
using a lightweight, pre-wetted, potting soil and water thoroughly. </span>
</div>
</li>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">I still keep them in a greenhouse like environment in a
shady, bright area to help them get stronger, you can also use
indoors under grow lights. And then pot up each stage to the size
you want. Slowly add diluted fertilizer -I prefer organic houseplant
food.</span></div>
</li>
</ol>
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<br />
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">It's a slow process, but I hope you enjoy how new plants
are made asexually, and hopefully appreciate their will to survive
and the way plants create a way to clone themselves without sexual
means. </span>
</div>
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<br />
</div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><u><b>---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</b></u></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b>Figure 2.</b> Take a healthy leaf. Cut the leaf into sections,
each with a main vein.</div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><b>LEAF CUTTING - LEAF WITHOUT A PETIOLE </b></span>
</div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">This method is used for plants with thick, fleshy
leaves. </span>
</div>
<ul>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">A </span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>monocot,</b></span><span style="font-size: small;">
(Monocot seedlings typically have one cotyledon seed-leaf, like a
blade of grass) </span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>The Mother-in-law or Snake
Plant (Sansevieria)</b></span><span style="font-size: small;">, and </span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>ZZ
plant (</b></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="background: #ffffff;">zamioculcas
zamiifolia)</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> can be propagated by
cutting the long leaves into 3- to 4-inch pieces. Insert the
cuttings vertically into the medium. </span><b>(Figure 2.</b> see
drawing)</div>
</li>
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<span style="font-size: small;">A </span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>dicot,</b></span><span style="font-size: small;">
(a group of flowering plants whose seed typically has two embryonic
leaves or cotyledons as seedlings.) like a </span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>African
violet, or Begonia it </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">can also be propagated
from the leaf blade itself. </span>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Like the last instructions: take a leaf of
Mother-in-law-tongue, </span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>(Sansevieria) </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">cut
a leaf from a plant and remove the petiole. Make sure you keep the
tops at a slant and bottom straight. Let it callus, dip in rooting
hormone, Insert the leaf vertically into the medium making sure that
the midvein is buried in the rooting medium. You can cut many pieces
from one leaf blade.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>(Figure 2).</b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> New plant(s) will
form from the midvein. </span><span style="font-size: small;"><u>Remember if cuttings
are stuck upside down they will not root.</u></span><span style="font-size: small;">
Leaf cuttings can be literally crowded together, almost shoulder to
shoulder. This crowding will not harm them, and once the root systems
have been developed they can be separated for transplanting into
individual pots.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Other plants: </span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Some Cactus
(particularly varieties producing "pads" like Bunnies
Ears), Crassula (Jade Plant), Kalanchoe, Peperomia, Sedum and many
other succulents.</b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Some
Aloes (Difficult, has too high moisture content),</b></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdbUhoGQIoyQxF_eAGQ-zcdjQikDwXB1RjHt_CZlHdTyNn9hkuNgGruN9xI1BBed5y_NVE4T4Myb9I91lKbwGFgrYJQtqLqW5divuFgiwfYalpSU5tHvmjz9mZ7dbsV3lNhQPn4b2RNRQ/s1600/Kat+photo+11.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="187" data-original-width="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdbUhoGQIoyQxF_eAGQ-zcdjQikDwXB1RjHt_CZlHdTyNn9hkuNgGruN9xI1BBed5y_NVE4T4Myb9I91lKbwGFgrYJQtqLqW5divuFgiwfYalpSU5tHvmjz9mZ7dbsV3lNhQPn4b2RNRQ/s1600/Kat+photo+11.jpg" /></a><span style="font-size: small;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
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<b>Figure 3.</b> Split leaf cuts and (2) new plantlets forming</div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><b>LEAF CUTTING - Split-vein and leaf wedge</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">I usually use clean, plastic storage boxes like little
greenhouses. Begonias especially like high humidity. </span>
</div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Note: Everything needs to be sterile. </span>
</div>
<ol>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><b>SPLIT-VEIN,</b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> Detach a leaf
from a </span><span style="font-size: small;"><b> Begonia - rhizome types</b></span><span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>
(Begonia sp.) </b></i></span><span style="font-size: small;">and remove the petiole.
(stem) Make cuts on several prominent veins on the underside of the
leaf </span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>(Figure 3)</b></span><span style="font-size: small;">. Lay
the cutting, lower side down, on the medium. If the leaf curls up,
hold it in place by covering the margins with rooting medium or
staples (Hair bobby pins). New plants will form at each cut in about
6-8 weeks. (This method is more challenging.) </span>
</div>
</li>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>LEAF WEDGE,</b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> A variation of
this method is to cut the leaf into wedges,</span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>
You can get more plant Letts from one leaf. (Figure 3b)</b></span><span style="font-size: small;">
so that each piece has a main vein. The l</span><span style="font-size: small;"><u>eaf
wedge</u></span><span style="font-size: small;"> should be inserted into rooting
hormone and then into the media with the main vein partially
covered. (I prefer this method, it has a better chance of success.) </span>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtSGyQI6PMCIx7Evh-tQkSjnPhyphenhyphennjc41rWKcmgm_c0LPsaaBmKC0aMchoWNqWGE_ARsM8I9uwi9wC7MYZJEqhPh792gk1N65Z-Sx9tT-q5rFekBbebb2R383z5YMbkoRZRY6eAr8AfR3o/s1600/Kat+photo+13.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="207" data-original-width="243" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtSGyQI6PMCIx7Evh-tQkSjnPhyphenhyphennjc41rWKcmgm_c0LPsaaBmKC0aMchoWNqWGE_ARsM8I9uwi9wC7MYZJEqhPh792gk1N65Z-Sx9tT-q5rFekBbebb2R383z5YMbkoRZRY6eAr8AfR3o/s1600/Kat+photo+13.jpg" /></a><br />
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<b>Figure 3b.</b> Wedge cuts</div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Figure 4. </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">The stem portion
produces roots, and a new shoot develops from the bud </span>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><b>LEAF CUTTING - LEAF-BUD CUTTINGS </b></span>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Leaf-bud cuttings are used for many trailing vines and
when cutting material is limited. Each node on a stem can be treated
as a cutting. This type of cutting consists of a leaf blade, petiole,
and a short piece of stem with an attached axillary bud. Place
cuttings in the medium with the bud covered (1/2 to 1 inch) and the
leaf exposed </span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>(Figure 4). </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Examples
of plants that can be propagated in this manner include: </span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Clematis,
camellia, jade plant, rubber plant, grape ivy, dracaena, blackberry,
mahonia, and heart-leaf philodendron, English Ivy, pothos,
Pelargoniums-Geraniums.</b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> Plant material
selected for leaf cuttings should be healthy, actively growing and
free of insect or disease problems. Large, mature leaves provide the
best source of propagation material. THIS IS A SLOWER WAY TO
PROPAGATE, BUT YOU GET MORE OF THE SAME KIND OF VARIETY FROM 1 STEM. </span>
</div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><u>--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</u></span></div>
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<br />
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">(</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b>Notes:</b></span><span style="font-size: small;">
Many plants will easily root in water. However, the roots that form
can be extremely fibrous and stringy. Plants rooted in water often
have a difficult time becoming established after they are
transplanted into a container.)</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<br />
</div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><b>CARE DURING AND AFTER ROOTING:</b></span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: medium;"><b>Moisture:</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">The propagation medium should be thoroughly moistened
before use. (SEE PAGE 1)</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">KEEP SOIL SLIGHTLY MOIST, (like a squeezed out sponge)
if too wet, plants will rot. Make sure you have holes in bottom of
pot and good drainage.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Misting everyday in warm weather and watering with a
soft nozzle till the plants are strong enough to hold up to regular
watering. </span>
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">After you've potted up to next size, you can give them a
very low dose of liquid fertilizer, like sea kelp every 2 weeks. </span>
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">When you get to the 4 inch size you can transplant into
good potting soil.</span></div>
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<br />
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: medium;"><b>Light:</b></span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Light is an important environmental factor in plant
propagation. Generally speaking, low light levels cause plants to
root slowly. However, too high light intensities can stress cuttings,
causing them to burn or drop leaves. Diffused sunlight generally
provides enough light for optimum rooting without causing injury to
the cuttings. but still bright enough to read a book by.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: medium;"><b>Humidity:</b></span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Since cuttings do not have roots, they cannot replace
the water lost through</span><span style="font-size: small;"><u> </u></span><span style="font-size: small;"><u><b>transpiration</b></u></span><span style="font-size: small;">.
Therefore it is important to maintain high humidity around the
cuttings to cut down on the amount of moisture lost to the
atmosphere.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">These conditions can be provided by placing a clear
piece of plastic over the propagation area. This causes condensation
to form on the underside of the plastic that provides the necessary
humidity. Adequate ventilation is also required to avoid disease
problems. The plastic covering should be placed such that air can
flow freely around the cuttings as they root. If the leaves are
touching the sides of the container they may rot.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: medium;"><b>Temperature:</b></span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">For best results, maintain day temperatures at 70
degrees F. During winter months, soil can be as much as 10-20 degrees
less than air temperature, so provide bottom heat when possible.
Ideal rootzone temperatures for most plants are approximately 70-75
degrees F. If the hot sun hits the container it may cook the delicate
cuttings or young plants.</span></div>
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<br />
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: medium;"><b>ON ROOTING HORMONES (Please follow safety directions
on container) </b></span>
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Rooting hormones are often used to promote root
formation. These materials provide supplemental </span><span style="font-size: small;"><u>auxin,</u></span><span style="font-size: small;">
a naturally occurring plant hormone that is responsible for root
development. These products kill fungus and bacteria to prevent the
stem from rotting, and contain a growth hormone to speed the
formation of roots.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">The end of the cutting is dipped into the chemical prior
to sticking it into the propagation medium. These products come in
different strengths and will vary according to the type of plant
being propagated.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><b>IMPORTANT: </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">To use rooting
hormone, place the amount needed in a separate container. Any
material that remains after treating the cuttings should be
discarded, not returned to the original container. These precautions
will prevent contamination of the entire bottle of rooting hormone.
Let the stem set for a minute. </span>
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Though some plants will root readily without treatment,
application of rooting hormone to the base of the cutting will often
improve your chance for success. </span>
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">BUT there are always exceptions: </span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Pelargoniums
- Geraniums, some Roses and Succulents. </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">do
much better without root hormone.</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: medium;"><b>Homemade organic rooting hormone</b></span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: medium;"><b>MAKE ROOTING HORMONE WITH WILLOW WATER!</b></span>
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">The active ingredient of many commercial rooting
products is </span><span style="font-size: small;"><u>Indolebutyric Acid (IBA)</u></span><span style="font-size: small;">,
a natural plant hormone and and </span><span style="font-size: small;"><u>Salicylic acid
(SA)</u></span><span style="font-size: small;"> (which is a chemical similar to Aspirin)
is a plant hormone which is involved in signalling a plant’s
defences. (Do not use Aspirin, it's too strong and contains too many
other chemicals.)</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">When you make willow water, both salicylic acid and IBA
leach into the water, and both have a beneficial effect when used for
the propagation of cuttings. One of the biggest threats to newly
propagated cuttings is infection by bacteria and fungi. Salicylic
acid helps plants to fight off infection, and can thus give cuttings
a better chance of survival. Plants, when attacked by infectious
agents, often do not produce salicylic acid quickly enough to defend
themselves, so providing the acid in water can be particularly
beneficial. </span>
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<br />
</div>
<ol>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Collect a handful of young first-year twigs and stems
of any of willow (Salix spp.) species, these have green or yellow
</span><span style="font-size: small;"><u>bark.</u></span><span style="font-size: small;"> Don’t use the
older growth that has brown or gray bark. Remove all the leaves,
these are not used. </span>
</div>
</li>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Take the twigs and cut them up into short pieces around
1" (2.5cm) long. </span>
</div>
</li>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">The next step is to add the water. there are several
techniques to extract the natural plant rooting hormones: </span>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Place the chopped willow twigs in a container and cover
with boiling water, just like making tea, and allow the “tea” to
stand overnight. </span>
</div>
</li>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Place the chopped willow twigs in a container and cover
with tap water (unheated), and let it soak for several days.</span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<ol start="4">
<li><div align="LEFT" style="background: #ffffff; border: none; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">When finished, separate the liquid from the twigs by
carefully pouring out the liquid, or pouring it through a strainer
or sieve. The liquid is now ready to use for rooting cuttings. You
can keep the liquid for up to two months if you put it in a jar with
a tight fitting lid and keep the liquid in the refrigerator.
Remember to </span><span style="font-size: small;"><u>label</u></span><span style="font-size: small;"> the
jar so you and other people know what it is, and write down the date
you brewed it up, and to aid the memory, write down the date that it
should be used by, which is two months from the date it was made!
You can also freeze it for years of use.</span></div>
</li>
<li><div align="LEFT" style="background: #ffffff; border: none; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">To use, just pour some willow water into a small jar,
and place the cuttings in there like flowers in a vase, and leave
them there to soak for several hours so that they take up the plant
rooting hormone. Then prepare them as you would when propagating any
other cuttings. </span>
</div>
</li>
<li><div align="LEFT" style="background: #ffffff; border: none; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Now remember since this method isn't very exact, the
strength of the willow water can vary depending on the time of year,
the number of twigs, the concentration of hormones in the twigs, and
the amount of time that the twigs were soaked. You will, however,
still get a solution that will help your plants root.</span></div>
</li>
</ol>
<div align="LEFT" style="background: #ffffff; border: none; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<br />
</div>
<div align="CENTER" style="background: #ffffff; border: none; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; page-break-after: auto; page-break-inside: auto; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><u>WARNING: Latest FAD on the internet: Cinnamon as
rooting agent</u></span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0.18in; margin-top: 0.18in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">I HAVE FOUND MANY UNPROVEN “FACTS” ON THE INTERNET,
ONE IS: </span>
</div>
<ul>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0.18in; margin-top: 0.18in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; widows: 0;">
“<span style="font-size: small;">Cinnamon as a rooting agent is as useful as willow
water or hormone rooting powder. A single application to the stem
when you plant the cutting will stimulate root growth in almost
every plant variety.”. FALSE</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0.18in; margin-top: 0.18in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; widows: 0;">
“<span style="font-size: small;">Give your cuttings a quick start with the help of
cinnamon powder. Pour a spoonful onto a paper towel and roll damp
stem ends in the cinnamon. Plant the stems in fresh potting soil.
The cinnamon will encourage the stem to produce more stems, while
helping to prevent the fungus that causes damping-off disease. FALSE</span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0.18in; margin-top: 0.18in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Whether or not the antibacterial properties pertain
specifically to real cinnamon or cassia (what's usually in the bottle
when you buy cinnamon at most grocery stores) is up in the air. I
also found these other claims, remember just because it's on the
internet doesn't make it true. </span>
</div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0.18in; margin-top: 0.18in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; widows: 0;">
“<span style="font-size: small;">To promote root growth, create a rooting solution by
dissolving an aspirin in water.” or “try mixing 1-3 Tbs of
honey per gallon of water” FALSE!</span></div>
<div style="background: #ffffff; border: none; line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0.18in; margin-top: 0.18in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; widows: 0;">
<span style="font-size: small;">I am trying these as an experiment, but I am VERY
sceptical. </span>
</div>
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<br />
</div>
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GOOD LUCK AND HAVE FUN MAKING NEW PLANTS FROM CUTTINGS, IT'S A GREAT
WAY TO GET FREE PLANTS!</div>
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</div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">by Katarina Eriksson,
Horticulturist. </span></span>
</div>
<div align="CENTER" style="background: #ffffff; border: none; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; padding: 0in; widows: 0;">
<a href="mailto:katsflowers@gmail.com"><span style="font-family: Tahoma, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><u>katsflowers@gmail.com</u></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Tahoma, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span>
</div>
<br /><br />
David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-85171937715432008552018-02-17T20:15:00.000-08:002018-02-18T10:17:00.694-08:00Notes on Grafting <b>Introduction</b><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
Grafting and budding are horticultural
techniques used to join parts from two or more plants so that they
appear to grow as a single plant. In grafting, the upper part (scion)
of one plant grows on the root system (rootstock) of another plant.
In the budding process, a bud is taken from one plant and grown on
another.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Although budding is considered a modern
art and science, grafting is not new. The practice of grafting can be
traced back 4,000 years to ancient China and Mesopotamia. As early as
2,000 years ago, people recognized the incompatibility problems that
may occur when grafting olives and other fruiting trees.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Since grafting and budding are asexual
or vegetative methods of propagation, the new plant that grows from
the scion or bud will be exactly like the plant it came from. These
methods of plant reproduction are usually chosen because cuttings
from the desired plant root poorly (or not at all). Also, these
methods give the plant a certain characteristic of the rootstock -
for example, hardiness, drought tolerance, or disease resistance.
Since both methods require extensive knowledge of nursery crop
species and their compatibility, grafting and budding are two
techniques that are usually practiced only by more experienced
nursery operators.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Most woody nursery plants can be
grafted or budded, but both processes are labor intensive and require
a great deal of skill. For these reasons they can be expensive and
come with no guarantee of success. The nurseryman must therefore see
in them a marked advantage over more convenient propagation
techniques to justify the time and cost.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Clones or varieties within a species
can usually be grafted or budded interchangeably. For example, Pink
Sachet dogwood can be budded or grafted onto White Flowering dogwood
rootstock and vice versa. Bradford pear can be grafted or budded onto
Callery pear rootstock and vice versa. However, Pink Sachet dogwood
cannot be grafted or budded onto Callery pear.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Grafting and budding can be performed
only at very specific times when weather conditions and the
physiological stage of plant growth are both optimum. The timing
depends on the species and the technique used. For example,
conditions are usually satisfactory in June for budding peaches, but
August and early September are the best months to bud dogwoods.
Conversely, flowering pears can be grafted while they are dormant (in
December and January) or budded during July and August.</div>
<h2 class="western">
<span style="font-size: small;">
Reasons for Grafting and Budding</span></h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Budding and grafting may increase the
productivity of certain horticultural crops because they make it
possible to do the following things:</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Change varieties or cultivars. An older
established orchard of fruiting trees may become obsolete as newer
varieties or cultivars are developed. The newer varieties may offer
improved insect or disease resistance, better drought tolerance, or
higher yields. As long as the scion is compatible with the rootstock,
the older orchard may be top worked using the improved variety or
cultivar.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Optimize cross-pollination and
pollination. Certain fruit trees are not self-pollinating; they
require pollination by a second fruit tree, usually of another
variety. This process is known as cross-pollination. Portions of a
tree or entire trees may be pollinated with the second variety to
ensure fruit set. For example, some hollies are dioecious, meaning
that a given plant has either male or female flowers but not both. To
ensure good fruit set on the female (pistillate) plant, a male
(staminate) plant must be growing nearby. Where this is not possible,
the chances that cross-pollination will occur can be increased by
grafting a scion from a male plant onto the female plant.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Take advantage of particular
rootstocks. Compared to the selected scion, certain rootstocks have
superior growth habits, disease and insect resistance, and drought
tolerance. For example, when used as rootstock for commercial apple
varieties, the French crabapple (Malus sylvestris, Mill.) can
increase resistance to crown gall and hairy root. Malling VIII and
Malling IX are used as dwarfing rootstocks for apple trees when
full-sized trees are not desired, such as in the home garden.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Benefit from interstocks. An interstock
can be particularly valuable when the scion and rootstock are
incompatible. In such cases, an interstock that is compatible with
both rootstock and scion is used. An interstock could increase the
disease resistance or cold hardiness of the scion. Plants also may be
double worked to impart dwarfness or influence flowering and fruiting
of a scion.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Perpetuate clones. Clones of numerous
species of conifers cannot be economically reproduced from vegetative
cuttings because the percentage of cuttings that root successfully is
low. Many can be grafted, however, onto seedling rootstocks. Colorado
blue spruce (Picea pungens, Engelm), Koster blue spruce (Picea
pungens var. Kosteriana, Henry), and Moerheim spruce (Picea pungens
var. Moerheimii, Rujis) are commonly grafted onto Norway spruce
(Picea abies, Karst.) or Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis, Carr.)
rootstock to perpetuate desirable clones. Numerous clones of Japanese
maple (Acer palmatum, Thunb.) that either root poorly or lack an
extensive root system are grafted onto seedling Acer palmatum
rootstock.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Produce certain plant forms. Numerous
horticultural plants owe their beauty to the fact that they are
grafted or budded onto a standard, especially those that have a
weeping or cascading form. Examples include weeping hemlock (Tsuga
canadensi.3, Carr. var. pendula, Beissn.), which is grafted onto
seedling hemlock rootstock (Tsuga canadensis, Carr.); weeping
flowering cherry (Prunus subhietella var. pendula, Tanaka), which is
grafted onto Mazzard cherry rootstock (Prunus avium, L.); and weeping
dogwood (Cornus florida, L. var. pendula, Dipp.), which is grafted
onto flowering dogwood rootstock (Cornus florida, L.). In most cases,
multiple scions are grafted or budded 3 feet or higher on the main
stem of the rootstock. When used this way, the rootstock is referred
to as a standard. It may require staking for several years until the
standard is large enough to support the cascading or weeping top.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Repair damaged plants. Large trees or
specimen plants can be damaged easily at or slightly above the soil
line. The damage may be caused by maintenance equipment (such as lawn
mowers, trenchers, or construction equipment), or by disease,
rodents, or winter storms. The damage can often be repaired by
planting several seedlings of the same species around the injured
tree and grafting them above the injury. This procedure is referred
to as inarching, approach grafting, or bridge grafting.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Increase the growth rate of seedlings.
The seedling progeny of many fruit and nut breeding programs, if left
to develop naturally, may require 8 to 12 years to become fruitful.
However, if these progeny are grafted onto established plants, the
time required for them to flower and fruit is reduced dramatically.
Another way to increase the growth rate of seedlings is to graft more
than one seedling onto a mature plant. Using this procedure as a
breeding tool saves time, space, and money.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Index viruses. Many plants carry
viruses, although the symptoms may not always be obvious or even
visible. The presence or absence of the virus in the suspect plant
can be confirmed by grafting scions from the plant onto another plant
that is highly susceptible and will display prominent symptoms</div>
<h2 class="western">
<span style="font-size: small;">
When to Graft</span></h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Unlike budding, which can be performed
before or during the growing season, most grafting is done during
winter and early spring while both scion and rootstock are still
dormant. Containerized plants may be moved indoors during the actual
grafting process; after grafting, these plants are placed in
protected areas or in unheated overwintering houses. Field-grown
stock, of course, must be grafted in place. Some deciduous trees are
commonly grafted as bare rootstock during the winter and stored until
spring planting. Indoor winter grafting is often referred to as bench
grafting because it is accomplished at a bench.</div>
<h3>
<span style="font-size: small;">
Selecting and Handling Scion Wood</span></h3>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
The best quality scion wood usually
comes from shoots grown the previous season. Scions should be severed
with sharp, clean shears or knives and placed immediately in
moistened burlap or plastic bags. It is good practice during the
harvesting of scions and the making of grafts to clean the cutting
tools regularly. This may be done by flaming or immersing them in a
sterilizing solution. Isopropyl (rubbing) alcohol also works well as
a sterilant, although it evaporates quite readily. An alternative
sterilizing solution may be prepared by mixing one part household
bleach with nine parts water (by volume). However, this bleach
solution can be highly corrosive to certain metals.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
For best results, harvest only as much
scion wood as can be used for grafting during the same day. Select
only healthy scion wood that is free from insect, disease, or winter
damage. Be sure the stock plants are of good quality, healthy, and
true to type. Scion wood that is frozen at harvest often knits more
slowly and in lower percentage. If large quantities of scion wood
must be harvested at one time, follow these steps:</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Cut all scions to a uniform length,
keep their basal ends together, and tie them in bundles of known
quantity (for example, 50 scions per bundle).</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Label them, recording the cultivar,
date of harvest, and location of the stock plant.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Wrap the base of the bundles in
moistened burlap or sphagnum, place them in polyethylene or
waterproof paper bags, and seal the bags.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Store the bundles for short periods, if
necessary, either iced down in insulated coolers or in a commercial
storage unit at 32° to 34°F.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Never store scions in refrigerated
units where fruits or vegetables are currently kept or have been
stored recently. Stored fruits and vegetables release ethylene gas,
which can cause woody plant buds to abort, making the scions useless.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Keep the scions from freezing during
storage.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
NOTE: In grafting, as well as budding,
the vascular cambium of the scion or bud must be aligned with the
vascular cambium of rootstock. In woody plants the cambium is a very
thin ribbon of actively dividing cells located just below the bark.
The cambium produces conductive tissue for the actively growing
plant. This vascular cambium initiates callus tissue at the graft
and bud unions in addition to stimulating tissue growth on the basal
ends of many vegetative cuttings before they have rooted.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Types of Grafts</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Nurserymen can choose from a number of
different types of grafts. This section describes only those basic
types of grafts used on nursery crop plants.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Cleft Graft</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
One of the simplest and most popular
forms of grafting, cleft grafting, is a method for top working both
flowering and fruiting trees (apples, cherries, pears, and peaches)
in order to change varieties. Cleft grafting is also used to
propagate varieties of camellias that are difficult to root. This
type of grafting is usually done during the winter and early spring
while both scion and rootstock are still dormant. Cleft grafting may
be performed on main stems or on lateral or scaffold branches.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
The rootstock used for cleft grafting
should range from 1 to 4 inches in diameter and should be straight
grained. The scion should be about 1⁄4-inch in diameter, straight,
and long enough to have at least three buds. Scions that are between
6 and 8 inches long are usually the easiest to use.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Preparing the Rootstock. The stock
should be sawed off with a clean, smooth cut perpendicular to the
main axis of the stem to be grafted. Using a clefting tool wedge and
a mallet, make a split or "cleft" through the center of the
stock and down 2 to 3 inches. Remove the clefting tool wedge and
drive the pick end of the tool into the center of the newly made
cleft so that the stock can be held open while inserting the scion.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Preparing the Scion. In cleft grafting,
one scion is usually inserted at each end of the cleft, so prepare
two scions for each graft. Select scions that have three or four good
buds. Using a sharp, clean grafting knife, start near the base of the
lowest bud and make two opposing smooth-tapered cuts 1 to 2 inches
long toward the basal end of the scion. Cut the side with the lowest
bud slightly thicker than the opposite side. Be sure the basal end of
the scion gradually tapers off along both sides.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Inserting the Scion. Insert a scion on
each end of the cleft, with the wider side of the wedge facing
outward. The cambium of each scion should contact the cambium of the
rootstock.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Securing the Graft. Remove the clefting
tool from the cleft so that the rootstock can close. Pressure from
the rootstock will hold the scions in place. Thoroughly seal all cut
surfaces with grafting wax or grafting paint to keep out water and
prevent drying. If both scions in the cleft "take," one
will usually grow more rapidly than the other. After the first
growing season, choose the stronger scion and prune out the weaker.<br />
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
NOTE: The temperature of grafting wax
is critical. It must be hot enough to flow but not so hot as to kill
plant tissue. Recently, paint-like sealants have replaced wax in many
areas because they are easier to use and require no heating.</div>
<h2 class="western">
<span style="font-size: small;">
Bark Graft</span></h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Bark grafting is used primarily to top
work flowering and fruiting trees. In contrast to cleft grafting,
this technique can be applied to rootstock of larger diameter (4 to
12 inches) and is done during early spring when the bark slips easily
from the wood but before major sap flow. The rootstock is severed
with a sharp saw, leaving a clean cut as with cleft grafting.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Preparing the Stock. Start at the cut
surface of the rootstock and make a vertical slit through the bark
where each scion can be inserted (2 inches long and spaced 1 inch
apart).</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Preparing the Scion. Since multiple
scions are usually inserted around the cut surface of the rootstock,
prepare several scions for each graft. Cut the base of each scion to
a 11⁄2- to 2-inch tapered wedge on one side only.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Inserting the Scion. Loosen the bark
slightly and insert the scion so that the wedge-shaped tapered
surface of the scion is against the exposed wood under the flap of
bark. Push the scion firmly down into place behind the flap of bark,
replace the bark flap, and nail the scion in place by driving one or
two wire brads through the bark and scion into the rootstock. Insert
a scion every 3 to 4 inches around the cut perimeter of the
rootstock.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Securing the Graft. Seal all exposed
surfaces with grafting wax or grafting paint. Once the scions have
begun to grow, leave only the most vigorous one on each stub; prune
out all the others. Bark grafts tend to form weak unions and
therefore usually require staking or support during the first few
years.</div>
<h2 class="western">
<span style="font-size: small;">
Side-Veneer Graft</span></h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
At one time the side-veneer graft was a
popular technique for grafting varieties of camellias and
rhododendrons that are difficult to root. Currently, it is the most
popular way to graft conifers, especially those having a compact or
dwarf form. Side-veneer grafting is usually done on potted rootstock.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Preparing the Stock. Rootstock is grown
in pots the season before grafting, allowed to go dormant, and then
stored as with other container nursery stock. After exposure to cold
weather for at least six weeks, the rootstock is brought into a cool
greenhouse for a few days before grafting takes place to encourage
renewed root growth. The plant should not be watered at this time.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Make a shallow downward cut about
3⁄4-inch to 1 inch long at the base of the stem on the potted
rootstock to expose a flap of bark with some wood still attached.
Make an inward cut at the base so that the flap of bark and wood can
be removed from the rootstock.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<h2 class="western">
<span style="font-size: small;">
Preparing the Scion</span></h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Choose a scion with a diameter the same
as or slightly smaller than the rootstock. Make a sloping cut
3⁄4-inch to 1 inch long at the base of the scion. (Use the bark
grafting technique shown in.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Inserting the Scion. Insert the cut
surface of the scion against the cut surface of the rootstock. Be
certain that the cambia contact each other.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Securing the Graft. Hold the scion in
place using a rubber grafting strip, tape, or grafting twine. Seal
the entire graft area with warm grafting wax or grafting paint.
Remove the rubber or twine shortly after the union has healed. Never
allow the binding material to girdle the stem.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<h3>
<span style="font-size: small;">
Splice Graft</span></h3>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Splice grafting is used to join a scion
onto the stem of a rootstock or onto an intact rootpiece. This simple
method is usually applied to herbaceous materials that callus or
"knit" easily, or it is used on plants with a stem diameter
of 1⁄2-inch or less. In splice grafting, both the stock and scion
must be of the same diameter.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Preparing the Stock and Scion. Cut off
the rootstock using a diagonal cut 3⁄4-inch to 1 inch long. Make
the same type of cut at the base of the scion.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Inserting the Scion. Fit the scion to
the stock. Wrap this junction securely with a rubber grafting strip
or twine.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Securing the Graft. Seal the junction
with grafting wax or grafting paint. Water rootstock sparingly until
the graft knits. Over watering may cause sap to "drown" the
scion. Be sure to remove the twine or strip as soon as the graft has
healed.</div>
<h2 class="western">
<span style="font-size: small;">
Whip and Tongue Graft</span></h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
The whip and tongue technique is most
commonly used to graft nursery crops or woody ornamentals. Both the
rootstock and scion should be of equal size and preferably no more
than 1⁄2-inch in diameter. The technique is similar to splice
grafting except that the whip on the rootstock holds the tongue of
the scion in place (and vice versa). This leaves both hands free to
wrap the joint.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
For the whip and tongue graft, make
similar cuts on both the stock and scion. These cuts should be made
with a single draw of the knife and should have a smooth surface so
that the two can develop a good graft union. Up to this point,
rootstock and scion are cut the same as for a splice graft.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Preparing the Stock and Scion. Cut off
the stock using a diagonal cut. The cut should be four to five times
longer than the diameter of the stock to be grafted. Make the same
kind of cut at the base of the scion.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Next, place the blade of the knife
across the cut end of the stock, halfway between the bark and pith
(on the upper part of the cut surface). Use a single knife stroke to
draw the blade down at an angle through the wood and pith. Stop at
the base of the initial diagonal cut. This second cut must not follow
the grain of the wood but should run parallel to the first cut.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Inserting the Scion. Prepare the scion
in the same way. Fit the scion into the rootstock so that they
interlock whip and tongue. Be certain that the cambia are aligned.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Securing the Graft. Wrap the junction
with a grafting strip or twine, and seal it with grafting wax or
grafting paint. Never allow the binding material to girdle the stem.</div>
<h2 class="western">
<span style="font-size: small;">
Saddle Graft</span></h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Saddle grafting is a relatively easy
technique to learn and once mastered can be performed quite rapidly.
The stock may be either field-grown or potted. Both rootstock and
scion should be the same diameter. For best results, use saddle
grafting on dormant stock in mid- to late winter. Stock should not be
more than 1 inch in diameter.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Preparing the Stock. Using two opposing
upward strokes of the grafting knife, sever the top from the
rootstock. The resulting cut should resemble an inverted V, with the
surface of the cuts ranging from 1⁄2-inch to 1 inch long.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Preparing the Scion. Now reverse the
technique to prepare the base of the scion. These cuts on the
rootstock and scion must be the same length and have the same slope
so that a maximum amount of cambial tissue will make contact when the
two halves are joined.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Inserting the Scion. Place the
V-notched scion onto the saddle of the rootstock. If rootstock and
scion are the same diameter, cambial alignment is easier; otherwise
adjust as needed.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Securing the Graft. Wrap the graft with
a grafting twine, tape, or strip, then seal it with grafting wax or
grafting paint.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
All of the preceding techniques are
used to top work horticultural crops for a particular purpose.
Occasionally, however, grafting is used to repair injured or diseased
plants. Two common techniques available for this purpose are bridge
grafting and inarch grafting.</div>
<h2 class="western">
<span style="font-size: small;">
Bridge Graft</span></h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Bridge grafting is used to "bridge"
a diseased or damaged area of a plant, usually at or near the base of
the trunk. Such damage commonly results from contact with grading or
lawn maintenance equipment, or it may be caused by rodents, cold
temperatures, or disease organisms. The bridge graft provides support
as well as a pipeline that allows water and nutrients to move across
the damaged area.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Bridge grafts are usually done in early
spring just before active plant growth begins. They may be performed
any time the bark on the injured plant "slips."</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Preparing the Scion. Select scions that
are straight and about twice as long as the damaged area to be
bridged. Make a 11⁄2- to 2-inch-long tapered cut on the same plane
at each end of the scion.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Preparing the Stock. Remove any damaged
tissue so the graft is on healthy stems. Cut a flap in the bark on
the rootstock the same width as the scion and below the injury to be
repaired. Gently fold the flap away from the stock, being careful not
to tear the bark flap.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Inserting the Scion. First, insert and
secure the scion below the injury; push the scion under the flap with
the cut portion of the scion against the wood of the injured stem or
trunk. Then go back and insert and secure the scion above the injury
following these same steps. Push the scion firmly into place. Pull
the flap over the scion and tack it into place as described for bark
grafting.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
When grafting with young stems that may
waver in the wind, insert the scions so that they bow outward
slightly. Bridge grafts should be spaced about 3 to 4 inches apart
across the damaged area.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Securing the Graft. Secure all graft
areas with warm grafting wax or grafting paint. During and after the
healing period, remove any buds or shoots that develop on the scions.</div>
<h2 class="western">
<span style="font-size: small;">
Inarch Graft</span></h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Inarching, like bridge grafting, is
used to bypass or support a damaged or weakened area of a plant stem.
Unlike bridge grafting, the scion can be an existing shoot, sucker,
or watersprout that is already growing below and extending above the
injury. The scion may also be a shoot of the same species as the
injured plant growing on its own root system next to the main trunk
of the damaged tree. With the inarching technique, the tip of the
scion is grafted in above the injury using the same method as for
bark or bridge grafting.</div>
<br />David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-31810464219943816592018-02-15T11:24:00.003-08:002018-02-15T11:26:21.589-08:00A First Graft<br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">Grafting
is probably considered the most “mystical” of arts in that area
known as “horticulture” as practiced by the gardening public. It
is not mystical any more than sunrise and sunset is, but if you don't
know the basics, it can be forbidding. Know the rules and it's just
as common as a sunrise, don't learn the rules and you are lost.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">Soon,
I'll write out the story of how I came to be totally in awe of
grafters and the event that changed my approach to garden science.
In this small intro, I will introduce the basics of grafting as
simply and straight forward as I can. </span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
</div>
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</div>
<br />
<br />
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="color: #663300; font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">The absolute first thing to say about grafting is that you are working with really, really sharp knives. <b>Your first priority must be safety</b> - afterall, you will be using YOUR fingers and these knives are sharp. Have bandaids - at minimum, if not a well stocked first aid kit. ALL grafters I know, except those that ride motorcycles really (REALLY) fast, have at least some kind of first aid material in the same bag as their knives.<b> Pay attention.</b> Ask those around you to not talk to you while you are grafting. Do not graft while on the phone. Do not graft while driving. <b>Give that knife and where it is pointed your full attention </b>- all the time that blade is exposed. If it's sharp enough to graft, it's sharp enough to cut into you all the way to the bone. I've done it. It doesn't hurt until it hits the bone and then it hurts for a very long time. Never point the sharp end of the blade towards any part of your body - especially your left thumb - that's the one that gets nailed the most. Please! And thank you!</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
</div>
<br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJFFtc-HTiBwPFOh4el1JadDHIuhoUBIssGhmDW5TzyJ6dN5DrPvIct718T4kpZQCe9qQgY2_2uWUKNmg4567RPPBQoSpUcXqdg2mZuAaWrx9EGS_VviJMK-JzdSSkZXB79ovo8AKPVek/s1600/KniivesB.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1008" data-original-width="756" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJFFtc-HTiBwPFOh4el1JadDHIuhoUBIssGhmDW5TzyJ6dN5DrPvIct718T4kpZQCe9qQgY2_2uWUKNmg4567RPPBQoSpUcXqdg2mZuAaWrx9EGS_VviJMK-JzdSSkZXB79ovo8AKPVek/s640/KniivesB.jpg" width="480" /></a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div style="font-size: 12.8px; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #783f04;">These are grafting knives; the bottom wood handled knife is a Tina bench grafting knife -</span> it doesn't fold and cannot</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td class="tr-caption"><span style="color: #783f04;">carried with ease in a pocket, the next knife up is a Swiss Army in my favorite blade style (identical blade to the one above it), the next knife is usually considered best for budding. The one on farthest right is just another grafting blade. The knife at</span><br />
<span style="color: #783f04;">the top is my favorite - "new old stock" from eBay. I love the feel of this knife and use it for most of my work. It is resting on a roll of half inch Parafilm.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;"><br />You
need; </span></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;"> A
very sharp knife</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;"> Two
pieces of wood (described below)</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;"> And
something to hold them together</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">Your
sharp knife does not have to be a grafting knife, although if you
intend to graft as an ongoing project, you will find a grafting knife
increases your chances of a good graft. Some grafters simply use
those utility box cutters and break off the old blades instead of
having to sharpen the blades. I found that a difficult tool to
handle – but then again, I am pleased with my grafting knives and
enjoy using different ones on different days, but that's me and my
obsessive/compulsive personality. </span></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">But
your knife must be SHARP. Even to the point of stopping every
several cuts and honing it a little more.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">The
“Something to hold them together” has really improved in the last
few years. In the past grafters have used plastic bags, electrical
tape, duct tape (omigaud!) and tar. Today we have “Parafilm” and
without it, I would not be a very good grafter. This stuff (can be
found on eBay and Amazon as well as other sites – I even have a few
rolls to sell pretty much all the time as I buy in bulk for my
class). It is not expensive. As you pull on it, to wrap your graft,
the Parafilm becomes more pliable and will actually begin to seal to
itself with just a little pressure. When firmly wrapped, in all but
the most difficult of grafts, Parafilm will hold your graft together.
Certainly as a beginner, you would not normally be undertaking grafts
that were above the cohesion of Parafilm to hold it together. </span></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">The
“two pieces of wood” is what makes this all interesting. If this
is your first shot at grafting, I would strongly urge you to graft
apples – the apple tree wood is easy to work with and the chance of
success is strong. Citrus is one of the worst as it is really hard
wood and difficult to shape. Get some miles under your knife and
then tackle citrus.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
</div>
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</div>
<br />
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<br />
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgu97Ot1ksOqkfT7xcy6RiKQvhVh6mxdPt6cIhS6XNDYpzPiBJlsTdkWHpi264e21Obd0rlkayoD3oBCVTgWQJ3llyDBWRJxHcvt47ef5v-u_dZx1hmtY1-pK7onwapw7z__OHQxE64dNVE/s1600/cambium3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="color: #783f04;"><img border="0" data-original-height="962" data-original-width="1600" height="384" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgu97Ot1ksOqkfT7xcy6RiKQvhVh6mxdPt6cIhS6XNDYpzPiBJlsTdkWHpi264e21Obd0rlkayoD3oBCVTgWQJ3llyDBWRJxHcvt47ef5v-u_dZx1hmtY1-pK7onwapw7z__OHQxE64dNVE/s640/cambium3.jpg" style="cursor: move;" width="640" /></span></a></div>
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="color: #783f04;">This shot, while of a rose, shows the ring around the stem that is called the Cambium. It is the living tissue of woody plants and this tissue on your rootstock must be touching the scion's cambium. That is the thrust of grafting.</span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"></table>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">One
piece of wood is a “scion” while the other piece of wood is
“rootstock.” The scion possesses the fruit you want to grow on
the rootstock. The rootstock is the rest of the tree that is not
this scion. You can graft five apples to one tree. All the pieces
you graft to the tree are 'scions.' That which holds them from
falling to the ground is the 'rootstock.' In the case of the apples,
the scion is collected because we want that apple's taste or
usability; an eating apple or a cider apple, one that bears in late
Spring and another the blooms in late Summer – whatever
characteristics you feel you want in an apple.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">The
rootstock can be an existing tree on your property or you can order
rootstock from some regional nurseries – they are not expensive.
One chooses rootstock on it's qualities – some rootstocks withstand
disease or wind or drought or dwarf your tree by a given percent. In
Southern California most experienced apple growers would choose M111.
I order my rootstock (sometimes referred to as “wood” in a
generic way) from <a href="http://raintreenursery.com/" target="_blank">Raintree Nursery</a>.
They have always been reliable and prompt. </span></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">Now
we get to make our cuts. The scion wood should be about the diameter
of a pencil and the part of the rootstock you are going to attach the
scion to should be about the same diameter – it need not be exact,
but the closer it is the better.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">This
shot, while of a rose, shows the ring around the stem that is called
the Cambium. It is the living tissue of woody plants that is alive
and this tissue on your rootstock must be touching to the scion.
That is the thrust of grafting.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;">“<span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">Patience
my be called a 'virtue' for most of mankind, but for a grafter it is
essential.” The quote originally said “gardeners” but it is
more than applicable to grafters. It's my quote, I can do with it
what I please. </span></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">Before
I let my students actually graft a plant in class, we find some wood
from an apple tree and we work on it, making straight cuts – which
are useful, if not essential – for eventual grafting. You will
want to be able to control the knife in making a clean, straight and
even cut. It must be straight up and down, no bows or bumps, and
straight across, no twists or turns, and it must be the correct
length in total.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">Once
you have found a piece of apple wood – or other deciduous fruit,
but I use apple because I have it and it is probably the easiest and
your knife is sharp, its time to begin your practice. We are going
to work with a simple Cleft graft. The down end of the scion is cut
to a “V” shape and the rootstock is simply slit down the middle.
I actually prefer to switch these roles where the rootstock holds the
“V” shape and the scion is split down the middle. The feeling I
have is that the “V” on the bottom might collect moisture and rot
at some point down the road, but there are many enthusiasts that will
say “that's never happened to me!” So which is what, can be a
matter of preference. If “simple” is your only criteria, then
the “V” should be on the scion.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">Cutting
the “V” is important and presently you will see how many ways it
can be screwed up. You would like to make it with as few strokes of
the knife as possible – two strokes is perfect – but three is not
uncommon. You want to avoid the “whittling” of the wood if at
all possible. Once you have sliced off one portion, a lot of what has
been written above will make more tangible sense that it did before.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">You
want a piece of wood that has a very fine point on it with both
sides cut straight – no dips and/or turns in the blade as it goes
through. This is harder than it sounds. Resist the urge – you will
feel it – to turn the scion around, using the thumb on your right
hand to brace the knife cutting the wood! I know the knife appears
stuck, but when it comes unstuck, it will slice right through the
wood and on into your thumb. Keep the knife blade pointed away from
yourself and gently rock it back and forth. Presently it will become
unstuck and you can finish the cut bloodlessly. </span></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">Practice
this cut as many times as needed to build confidence with your
ability to handle the knife. It is normal to have to sharpen your
knife mid-project as needed. You will want the “V” to be a very
sharp angle. Making the slice in the opposite piece to this
equation, is very straight forward: as near to the center, simply
rock your knife to make a straight cut about as long as your “V”
on the other piece of wood. </span></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">Before
you begin to put them together, begin to wrap the rootstock with the
Parafilm. Pull the Parafilm tight as you wrap, stretching it out and
binding it to itself until you reach the beginning of the nascent
graft. Place the the two wood pieces together. Inspect for cambium
to cambium connection – this is the essential part of the graft.
Wherever the cambium of these two pieces meet is the beginning of
your new tree. If they don't meet, you have wasted your time and the
tree's resources. Once you are certain you have the most cambium
meeting you can, hold that graft very tightly while you finish
wrapping the Parafilm over the graft. You can simply pull hard on
the Parafilm and it will break where you end.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">If
the tip of your scion was cut, you should also wrap that in Parafilm.
Remember, loss of water and cambium not matching are the two major
causes of graft failure. Parafilm is relatively cheap, so use more
than less! </span></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">Your
graft, if done properly, will show signs of taking in 3 to 4 weeks,
sometimes more, occasionally less. The weather has a lot to do with
it. If you failed, don't worry. You've just joined the very large
majority of grafters that have failed once or twice. Or more.
Mostly “or more.” Whether or not your graft takes, make sure you
examine the whole process and evaluate how well you were prepared and
what parts of your technique needs refinement and work with yourself
to improve your chances. </span></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">And
know that every year, you must revisit these skills anew. I usually
set aside a couple of one hour slots for a few weeks before grafting
to get my skills into top shape. </span></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">Remember
to remind yourself that grafting, while a science, is also an art.
Some are gifted grafters, while the rest of us must work at it. But
practice does make perfect. </span></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">This
is your first graft to learn – there are more. I'll be doing an
informal series on grafting over the next few months. Stay tuned
and if you don't understand something – ask questions! I'll answer
them for everyone's benefit. </span></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">david</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">NB. Look for this to be updated in a few days with photographs to make it more clear.</span></span></div>
<br />David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-92031724947494012612018-01-26T12:45:00.002-08:002018-01-26T12:45:42.389-08:00Lecture 1 Notes<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0" style="width: 566px;">
<colgroup><col width="64"></col>
<col width="43"></col>
<col width="417"></col>
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td height="120" sdnum="1033;0;MM/DD/YY" width="64">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
</td>
<td width="43">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">1</span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="417">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><b>Lecture:
</b>Introduction – roll, Extension policy, meeting time and
place, attendance and tardiness, tools etc. Tour Garden. Tool
selection, care and safety. Sexual and asexual propagation
defined. Introduction to the different propagation. Botany as
applied to propagation. Planting mediums.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>Demonstration:</b>
Cutting scions for the exchange </span></span>
</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>Practical:
</b> Harvesting scionwood. </span></span>
</span><br />
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<ol>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15pt;">Roll
call -</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15pt;">Extension
re. Interlopers </span>
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15pt;">SAFETY
</span>
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15pt;">Food/drink
</span>
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15pt;">Attendance/tardiness</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15pt;">Blog
site: http://lagardennotes.blogspot.com/</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15pt;">Books/Assigned
reading (Bryant; Home Orchard & Garner)</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15pt;">Tools
and tool selection</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15pt;">Waltz
thru the syllabus (most of this is answered in the syllabus) </span>
</span></div>
</li>
</ol>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15pt;">Some
Notes on Sexual and Asexual Propagation</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15pt;">Sexual
propagation involves the use of seeds. Pollination and methods of
pollination.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15pt;">Asexual
propagation is any other way you can get ‘baby’ plants. Under
this broad generalization, we include: dividing bulbs, cuttings, air
layering, and division.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: 15pt;">To
do these things, you need a spade (with a sharp edge), some knives,
pruners, potting mix, a watering device, and, preferably some kind of
root stimulant. </span></span>
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15pt;">By
DIVISION</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15pt;">Most
herbaceous perennials are easy to propagate by some form of division.
Some common ones we can try in the Garden include:</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: 15pt;"> Artichokes
</span></span>
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: 15pt;"> Rhubarb
</span></span>
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15pt;"> All
chrysanthemums (including Shasta Daisy)</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: 15pt;"> Cacti
and succulents </span></span>
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: 15pt;">You
may divide or attempt to propagate almost any plant in the Garden
AFTER CHECKING WITH ME. If you divide an artichoke, rhubarb or any
of the succulents, I want to be with you. </span></span>
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"> </span>
</span></div>
<ol start="10">
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: 15pt;">Planting
mediums </span></span>
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: 15pt;">Botany
</span></span>
</span></div>
</li>
</ol>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15pt;">The
two vascular plant systems are:</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: 15pt;"> Xylem
</span></span>
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: 15pt;"> Phloem (Cambium) </span></span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15pt;">Xylem
may be characterized as wood and mostly dead cells – they perform
their function in the plant when they are dead.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15pt;">We
can generally describe the function of xylem as moving nutrients and
water UP from the roots. In other words, we can simplify xylem as
being a kind of plumbing system with dead cells amalgamated together
becoming pipes for an upward flow from the roots.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: 15pt;">Phloem
on the other hand is living tissue distributing the products of photosynthesis throughout the plant - much more than a simple "down" movement.</span></span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Cuttings:
</span></span>
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> asexual
propagation </span></span>
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> cuttings
</span></span>
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Laser
in on Cuttings: (Bryant, 92-100 – caution: he gets a little
too noodgy and thinks everyone has access to greenhouses and misting
systems) </span></span>
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> Ideal
wood for cutting </span></span>
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> Pencil
thick</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> semi-ripe
wood – cover three different grades of wood – soft, semi-ripe and
ripe </span></span>
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: medium;">FOR
CLASS: </span></span>
</span></div>
<ol>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">Syllabus
and copies</span></span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Checklist
and copies </span></span>
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Books:
The Home Orchard; The Grafter's Handbook; Plant Propagation A to Z;
and The Home Orchard </span></span>
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Pruners
and knives </span></span>
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Ideal
semi-ripe cutting </span></span>
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">Pot
of stuck cuttings</span></span></div>
</li>
</ol>
<div>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">david</span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-72811517620915499752018-01-21T18:53:00.003-08:002018-01-21T19:13:10.768-08:00The Grater's Handbook<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">I've just learned that one of our required books is, in fact, out of print. Therefore, it is absolutely acceptable to purchase the edition before the one I have. </span><br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjznudZ-c3u5ILnI06MVghiOdWfy4wdLH69hZ43szt5XCMngic3SLyASQLd4RBraSKS9myqUrvuWINH-jdSNfAGJxyEhAPq3HI3o9_XoZ2WQ0T7dbRX6Ta4_5QcwUI3SBeuagQ1rTYOTIo/s1600/The-Grafter-s-Handbook-9781844030392.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="253" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjznudZ-c3u5ILnI06MVghiOdWfy4wdLH69hZ43szt5XCMngic3SLyASQLd4RBraSKS9myqUrvuWINH-jdSNfAGJxyEhAPq3HI3o9_XoZ2WQ0T7dbRX6Ta4_5QcwUI3SBeuagQ1rTYOTIo/s320/The-Grafter-s-Handbook-9781844030392.jpg" width="202" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">This is the blue cover from the 2003 edition. </span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">I have found many used copies of this edition under $40. The page numbers are almost identical and I used the blue one for many years. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">I am not familiar with the edition below, it was the edition (1993) before the blue one - I'm sure it has good stuff in it, just not sure of the order and and if it has all the good stuff I want.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyPDstK-aR2JB2E96I1iTMqXfTBsSX6vEwE9FacpgwC4AXIuKYA8QP62Gi_jUD3Fp1FONGJun6w1emNvIug2rHYueVOkvasX9CnU9v8Zi6Iod4r_Hmc906fhfs8A5H_BqG5tz-eUcWbAg/s1600/s-l300.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="191" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyPDstK-aR2JB2E96I1iTMqXfTBsSX6vEwE9FacpgwC4AXIuKYA8QP62Gi_jUD3Fp1FONGJun6w1emNvIug2rHYueVOkvasX9CnU9v8Zi6Iod4r_Hmc906fhfs8A5H_BqG5tz-eUcWbAg/s1600/s-l300.jpg" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">There are several copies of this edition at eBay for reasonable amounts. </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; white-space: pre-wrap;"> I will accept your use of either of these and no more assigned reading will come from this book if students cannot get it!</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Sorry for the hassle.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">david</span>David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-90500367107612407652018-01-18T19:02:00.001-08:002018-01-25T11:12:46.251-08:00Plant Propagation Syllabus Winter 2018<h1 align="CENTER" class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15pt;"><span style="font-size: 15pt;">COURSE
SYLLABUS</span> </span></span>
</h1>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15pt;"><span style="color: red; font-size: 15pt;">Please note that this syllabus may be changed as the quarter progresses. We are working with live plants and we have to adapt to them to achieve our goals. Thank you for understanding and your patience.</span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15pt;"><span style="color: red; font-size: 15pt;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Instructor:
David King</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Email:
greenteach@gmail.com</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Phone:
310.722.3656 </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">There
are no prerequisites for this course, although some knowledge of
basic botany is extremely helpful. We meet on Sundays from January
11 through March 29 for 10 meetings, nine on Sunday and
one <b>Saturday </b>field trip.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">In
our field trip we will attend the WLA chapter of the C<b>alifornia
Rare Fruit Growers</b> meeting on February 11<sup>th</sup>, from
10:00 to noon. This is the day of their annual ‘Scion Exchange’
and is not to be missed if you can help it. There is no other forum
in Los Angeles that offers a better introduction to grafting! </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">All
other meetings are on <b>Sunday</b> 1:30 to 4:30 PM to <b>The
Learning Garden,</b> at the Venice High School campus. This site is
close to the ocean and because we meet <b>outside or in a poorly
heated classroom</b>, please dress appropriate to the weather, which
is invariably colder than one would imagine. We will do what we can
to mitigate the cold and rain, should it come, but the material of
the class is best covered with live plant material in the garden –
which, of course, is outside.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">We
will also be working with potting soils and cut plant material in
almost every single class, gloves will probably be desired. Dress so
that you can comfortably get dirty and still stay dry. Dressing in
layers is probably the best idea when it comes to being outdoors at
The Learning Garden.</span></div>
<h2 class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Course
Purpose</span></h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">This
course is an introduction to the principles and practice of plant
propagation, both sexual and asexual, and the science and art of
grafting and budding.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<h2 class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Course
Objectives</span></h2>
<ol>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Understand
the care and safe use of tools in plant propagation.</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Understand
the biology of sexual and asexual propagation of plants. </span>
</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Understand
and use the different styles of propagation of plants.</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Be
able to create or craft and use a plant propagation system.</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Demonstrate
an understanding of the above by propagating different species of
plants.</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Understand
the physiology of plants sufficiently to be able to successfully bud
and graft a variety of plants.</span></div>
</li>
</ol>
<h2 class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Application</span></h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">The
materials presented in this course will enable the student to start
plants from seeds and cuttings, in an amateur or professional setting
and graft woody plants with a working understanding of the scientific
underpinnings of the process. While we are working mostly with food
plants, these techniques cross easily to ornamental plants.</span></div>
<h2 class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Texts for
this course</span></h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Plant
Propagation A to Z</b></span><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"> –
Bryant; Firefly Books, 2003 It is readily available online. This is
onlyl one of many texts that are useful references for all kinds of
plants. You may choose a different reference that suits you, they
are all about the same.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>T</b></span><b>he
Grafter's Handbook</b> – Garner; Chelsea Green Publishing,
2013, is the current edition. <span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">
It has been and still is the most authoritative book on propagation
in or out of print. This book is a wonderful reference book for
someone involved in grafting. Unlike the modern books that only show
a few grafts, this one shows grafts for all kinds of plant work and
as such, is essential for one who wishes to make this work a part of
a skill set. </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>The
Home Orchard </b></span><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">–
UC Press, Agriculture and Natural Resources Publication 3485, 2007 –
While primarily a growing guide to deciduous fruit and nut trees,
pages 101 to 122 cover budding and grafting. It does not go deep but
the photos and hand drawings are excellent (as they are throughout
the book) and this is a clear introduction to the art. If you intend
to have a home orchard, this is the book for Californians.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">There
will be additional handouts from the instructor. There will be
assigned reading.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">All
material for in class will be available online at
</span><span style="color: navy;"><span lang="zxx"><u><a href="http://lagardennotes.blogspot.com/"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">http://lagardennotes.blogspot.com/</span></a></u></span></span><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">.
Additionally, I invite all of you to join the group, </span><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><i><b>Greener
Gardens</b></i></span><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">, on
Facebook. Handouts are put there as well, and students use the group
to contact one another – I also post other items of interest for
you. </span><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>I try to not
have handouts in class to avoid wasting paper printing handouts you
may not care to keep</b></span><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">
and I will occasionally link to internet site allowing the use of
videos (especially of grafting) you may find helpful. </span>
</div>
<h2 class="western">
<i>Class Meetings</i></h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">To
each class meeting, in addition to any note-taking tools you deem
necessary (paper, camera, tape recorder etc), each student should
bring propagation tools<b> that will be described in our first class
meeting;</b> please don't purchase
a lot of stuff until then. You will need pruners, a grafting knife,
a regular pocket knife (or one knife with two blades for different
purposes), a black, <b>permanent</b> Sharpie, a sharp pencil and a
sturdy pair of gloves – leather preferred. If you are unsure of
what to buy, buy NOTHING until after the first class meeting – we
will not be using most of these items until later.</span></div>
<h2 class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Grading</span></h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Your
grade in this class is based on a checklist you will keep and one or
two short exams. You need to be able to perform each of the tasks on
the log with sufficient skill and understanding of the process in
order to receive a passing grade in this course</span><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>.
The completed checklist must be turned in the last day of class
unless other arrangements have been made </b></span><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><u><b>before
hand</b></u></span><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b> with the
instructor.</b></span><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"> I</span><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>
reserve the right to administer quizzes throughout the course to
insure comprehension. </b></span><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">They
will count in your participation score.</span></div>
<h2 class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Instructor’s
Office Hours</span></h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Please
avail yourself of my willingness to meet with you at<b> </b><i><b>any
time</b></i> to discuss your progress in the course or to clarify
instructional material or to answer any difficulties you are having.
My preference is to meet with you at my office at The Learning Garden
where we can cover material without distraction but I am willing to
meet with students anytime, anywhere to assist you in learning; after
all, that is the point your taking the class and my teaching it. It
is my wish that all students learn and are profited by their
enrollment in this course. Do not struggle; I am here to help.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>At
The Learning Garden: </b></span></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><i><b>THE
FIRST AID KIT IS LOCATED DIRECTLY ON THE LEFT OF THE FRONT DOOR AS
YOU ENTER my office</b></i></span></span></span></div>
<div align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>Remember
its location. </b></span></span></span>
</div>
<div align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>I’m
<u>very</u> serious... So
far only three students have had to have emergency medical treatment.
I don't like adding to that number. It's hard enough to get students
without killing them off.</b></span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">A
garden is filled with uneven surfaces, rocks, plants with thorns and
other armaments and an infinity of possibilities for injury; most of
the time in this course we will be using <i><b>very sharp</b></i>
tools which deserve your utmost attention at all times, please give
due attention and consideration of this. Remain on pathways and do
not walk into planted beds unless it is absolutely necessary. Do not
pick anything without permission.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Food
and drink are allowed, but the removal of any trash or waste is
entirely incumbent on the eator and/or drinkor. I will hold you
responsible.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">We
will probably have hot tea and coffee to mitigate the cool weather we
anticipate needing to endure. <b>Bring your own cup or mug and any
eating utensils you feel you need. I drink it black – if you want
sugar or cream, it's on you.</b></span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Appropriate
clothing is essential.</b> Remember, Venice can be hot and cold by
turns. Layering is suggested; a jacket or sweater close at hand is
essential, pay attention to the forecast, but remember, this close to
the ocean, we are usually 10<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">º</span>
cooler<b>. We will meet regardless of weather.</b> If it is a light
rain/mist, we will continue work. If it is a gully-washer (as though
we get those in Southern California), we will meet in the classroom
and carry on.</span></span></div>
<h2 class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Point
Assignment </span>
</h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">For
Credit Students. It is more important to me that you learn the
material above all other considerations. I will endeavor through
point assignment, lecture and demonstration to teach you in a way
that will facilitate learning the material. If you aren’t
understanding, please allow me to help you. Tools You Will Need</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><i><b>Each
student should provide:</b></i></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"> <b>Pair
of pruners</b> – secateur type, like Felco #2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12 or
13. No anvil pruners allowed EXCEPT for those students with hand
pain or arthritis that must use the ratcheting type of pruners.
Felcos can be bought on the internet (eBay) for much less than most
local sources; I am also a Felco distributor and carry several models
at a very competitive price. Coronas and other secateur pruners are
OK, although if you have ever used Felcos, you can appreciate why I
am so fond of them.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"> <b>Pruning
knife</b> – only used for plants. It is suggested that everyone
also have a second knife for all the other needs in a garden. If one
does not plan on doing a great deal of propagation needing a sharp
knife, an inexpensive knife with break-away blades available from
many local stores may be used. Grafting knives and horticultural
knives are also found for reasonable amounts on eBay and other
internet connections; I also have a selection of inexpensive pruning
knives from Swiss Army. No one should feel pressured to buy my items
– I only have them because they can be hard to find locally and
often all you can find are the really expensive Felcos <b>which you
don't need.</b></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b> A utility knife</b>
– for all other cutting needs.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"> <b>Pair
of gloves</b> – leather is preferred, some folks like to have more
than one. </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"> <b>Sharpie</b>
– fine point, <u>only black </u>will not wash off</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"> <b>Pencil
</b>– <b> </b>sharp,
wooden (the Learning Garden does have a sharpener)</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">You
will need to take notes, so paper is necessary – may I suggest you
take notes in pencil because it won’t run if it gets wet and a
pencil is a small dibber in a pinch. </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">The
Garden (or instructor) will provide as needed:</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"> Cactus
mix and potting soils</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"> Watering
devices </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"> Pots
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"> Root
stimulating gel </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"> Other
tools and supplies as needed </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"> Oil,
sharpening devices, cleaners and rags for pruner and knife
maintenance</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"> Alcohol
wipes, Listerine and hand soap. </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"> Plant
material/seeds </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"> First
aid kit </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"> Plant
markers </span>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: red; font-family: gill sans mt, sans-serif; font-size: large;">PLEASE NOTE: TWO DATES IN FEBRUARY WERE INCORRECT IN MY ORIGINAL SYLLABUS - </span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: red; font-family: gill sans mt, sans-serif; font-size: large;">they are changed here....</span></div>
</div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0" style="page-break-before: always; width: 100%px;">
<colgroup><col width="31*"></col>
<col width="18*"></col>
<col width="207*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="12%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Date</b></span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="7%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Mtg.</b></span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="81%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>TOPIC</b></span></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td height="100" width="12%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">01/21/18</span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="7%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">1</span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="81%"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Lecture: </b>Introduction
– roll, Extension policy, meeting time and place, attendance and
tardiness, tools etc. Tour Garden. Tool selection, care and
safety. Sexual and asexual propagation defined. Introduction to
the different arts of propagation. Botany as applied to
propagation.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Demonstration:</b>
Cutting scions for the exchange </span></span>
</div>
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Practical:
</b> Harvesting scionwood </span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td height="64" width="12%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">01/28/18</span></span></div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="2" width="7%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">2</span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="81%"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Lecture</b>:
Meristematic tissue and the principles of propagation by cuttings;
Pages 92-113; soil mixes for propagation; knives and tools, care
of etc</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Demonstration</b>:
Different kinds of cuttings </span>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Practical</b></span><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">:
Making cuttings - </span><i>Lycium chinensis</i></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td height="83" width="12%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">02/04/18</span></span></div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="3" width="7%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">3</span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="81%"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Lecture:</b> General
Propagation Methods and Application; Pages 47-91; pests and
diseases and methodology to deal.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Demonstration</b>:
Division of perennials</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Practical:</b>
Dividing perennial plants </span></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>TEST:
Primarily on Cuttings and Safety</b> <a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=7076133254212965047#sdfootnote1sym" name="sdfootnote1anc" sdfixed=""><sup>*</sup></a></span></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td height="7" width="12%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>02/10/18</b></span></span></div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="4" width="7%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><i><b>4</b></i></span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="81%"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Field Trip to California
Rare Fruit Growers</b></span></div>
<div style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>>>> NOT TO BE
MISSED <<< your Valentine will forgive you....</b></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td height="16" width="12%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">02/11/18</span></span></div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="5" width="7%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">5</span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="81%"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Lecture</b>:
Seeds, structure, germination and viability, collection, storage.
Propagation, pages 47-74; seed starting problems and their
solution.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Demonstration:</b>
Scarification/Seed sowing </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Practical:</b><i>
</i>Sowing seeds of different
sizes</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td height="40" width="12%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">02/18/18</span></span></div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="6" width="7%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">6</span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="81%"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Lecture: </b><b>Grafting
</b></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Demonstration:</b>
Grafting</span></div>
<div style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Practical:</b>
Practice Grafting </span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td height="47" width="12%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">02/25/18</span></span></div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="7" width="7%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">7</span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="81%"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Lecture: Budding</b></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Demonstration: </b>Budding
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Practical:
</b>Grafting </span></span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="12%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">03/04/18</span></span></div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="8" width="7%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">8</span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="81%"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Lecture: </b>California
Native Propagation<b> </b></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Demonstration: </b>Fire
scarification of a California native</span></div>
<div style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><i>Practical: Transplanting
seedlings</i></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="12%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">03/11/18</span></span></div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="9" width="7%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">9</span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="81%"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Lecture:</b> Propagating
ornamentals; Katarina Ericksen <i> </i></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Demonstration:</b>
Ornamental propagation </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Practical: Propagating
something unusual.</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="12%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">03/18/18</span></span></div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="10" width="7%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">10</span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="81%"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Lecture: </b>
Uses and Varieties of Grafting </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Demonstration: </b>
Air Layering </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>Practical: </b>Air
Layering</span></div>
<div style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><i><b>TEST:
Grafting Principles and Seeds</b></i></span></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="12%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">03/25/18</span></span></div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="11" width="7%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">11</span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="81%"><div style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Field Trip: TBD</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<h2 class="western">
</h2>
<h2 class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Our Class
Meeting Locations </span>
</h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<h3 class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">The
Learning Garden </span>
</h3>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">13000
Venice Blvd.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Los
Angeles, CA 90066</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">310.722.3656
(my cell) </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">The
Garden is located on the south east corner of Walgrove Avenue and
Venice Blvd. It is the first gate on Walgrove south of Venice –
there is a small amount of parking inside the gate, there is no other
secured parking, other than those few spaces, you are on the street
and on your own. DO NOT PARK ON THE CAMPUS PROPER. If parking on
the street is onerous for you (i.e. you have a cane etc) see me. </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<h3 class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">California
Rare Fruit Growers, West Los Angeles Chapter</span></h3>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Scion
Exchange meeting on February 11 10:00 AM, Veteran's Community
Building, Overland</span><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">
Boulevard, Culver City, CA 90232</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>Tool
Suppliers: Search online at eBay and other buying services, but the
following companies, in addition to myself, reliably have the tools
you need and prices that are competitive. </b></i></span></span>
</div>
<div align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">A.M.
Leonard (AKA The Gardeners Edge) </span><span style="color: navy;"><span lang="zxx"><u><a href="http://www.gardenersedge.com/"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">www.gardenersedge.com</span></span></a></u></span></span><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">
They have everything and they make good house brands of knives and
pruners. Frost Proof Garden Supply <a href="http://www.frostproof.com/">www.frostproof.com</a>
A good source for many common garden tools including pruners and
grafting knives and associated supplies. Peaceful Valley Farm Supply
</span><span style="color: navy;"><span lang="zxx"><u><a href="http://www.groworganic.com/"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">www.groworganic.com</span></span></a></u></span></span><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">
Felco and Corona pruners, inexpensive Swiss Army grafting knives. A
good choice. </span>
</div>
<div align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>Scoring For
Grading in This Class Grading is as follows: </b></i></span></span></span>
</div>
<div align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#ffffff" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<colgroup><col width="74*"></col>
<col width="34*"></col>
<col width="67*"></col>
<col width="38*"></col>
<col width="42*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="29%"><div align="LEFT">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Class
Participation</b></span></span></span></div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;0;0.00%" sdval="0.3" width="13%"><div align="LEFT">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>30.00%</b></span></span></span></div>
</td>
<td rowspan="4" sdnum="1033;0;0.00%" width="26%"><div align="LEFT">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td width="15%"><div align="CENTER">
A</div>
</td>
<td width="17%"><div align="CENTER">
100-90</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="29%"><div align="LEFT">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>In
class exams</b></span></span></span></div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;0;0.00%" sdval="0.2" width="13%"><div align="LEFT">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>20.00%</b></span></span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="15%"><div align="CENTER">
B</div>
</td>
<td width="17%"><div align="CENTER">
90-80</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="29%"><div align="LEFT">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Checklist</b></span></span></span></div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;0;0.00%" sdval="0.5" width="13%"><div align="LEFT">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>50.00%</b></span></span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="15%"><div align="CENTER">
C</div>
</td>
<td width="17%"><div align="CENTER">
80 and <80 p="">
</80></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="29%"><div align="LEFT">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>TOTAL</b></span></span></span></div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;0;0.00%" sdval="1" width="13%"><div align="LEFT">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>100.00%</b></span></span></span></div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;0;0.00%" width="15%"><div align="LEFT">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;0;0.00%" width="17%"><div align="LEFT">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>If
you forget your pruners or knife, I do have a few of each, and while
I do have gloves, a pair that fits your hand is preferred (and a pair
of gloves are somewhat personal too). I can sharpen your pruners and
knives and we will learn how in this course. </b></span></span>
</div>
<br />
<div id="sdfootnote1">
<div class="sdfootnote">
<a class="sdfootnotesym" href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=7076133254212965047#sdfootnote1anc" name="sdfootnote1sym">*</a>
Please note: <b>ALL students</b> take any test or quiz even the
not-for-credit students, I want to gauge your learning/my
effectiveness in teaching this material. The same is true of
pop-quizzes when given.</div>
</div>
David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-58372804813156061342018-01-18T18:58:00.004-08:002018-01-18T18:58:58.847-08:00Checklist for Plant Propagation<ol>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Name
_________________</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Term
__________________</span></span></div>
</ol>
<div align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><b>This
paper <i>must</i> be turned in the last day of class to receive
course credit!</b></span></div>
<br />
<div align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><b>Please
note: not all tasks will be checked. I do know what I have assigned
and you will only be graded on those tasks.</b></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<h1 class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">Seeding </span>
</h1>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
</div>
<h1 class="western">
</h1>
<br />
<table border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<colgroup><col width="104*"></col>
<col width="37*"></col>
<col width="115*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="41%">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Task</span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="14%">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Date</span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="45%">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Results</span></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="25" width="41%">
<div style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">Sow
small seeds (one six pack)</span></div>
</td>
<td width="14%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="45%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="25" width="41%">
<div style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">Sow
medium seeds (one six pack)</span></div>
</td>
<td width="14%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="45%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="25" width="41%">
<div style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">Sow
large seeds (one quart)</span></div>
</td>
<td width="14%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="45%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="25" width="41%">
<div style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">Pot
on seedlings</span></div>
</td>
<td width="14%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="45%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td height="25" width="41%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="14%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="45%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td height="25" width="41%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="14%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="45%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td height="24" width="41%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="14%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="45%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<br /><div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<h1 class="western">
</h1>
<h1 class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">Division</span></h1>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<colgroup><col width="64*"></col>
<col width="79*"></col>
<col width="51*"></col>
<col width="62*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="25%">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Task</span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="31%">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Plant
Type</span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="20%">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Date</span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="24%">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Result</span></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="25" width="25%">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">Divide perennial 1</span><br />
</td>
<td width="31%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="20%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="24%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="25" width="25%">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">Divide perennial 2</span><br />
</td>
<td width="31%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="20%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="24%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td height="25" width="25%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="31%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="20%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="24%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td height="25" width="25%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="31%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="20%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="24%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td height="24" width="25%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="31%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="20%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="24%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<h1 class="western">
</h1>
</div>
<div>
<h1 class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">Cuttings</span></h1>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<colgroup><col width="65*"></col>
<col width="87*"></col>
<col width="42*"></col>
<col width="62*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="26%">
<ol>
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Task</span></span></div>
</ol>
</td>
<td width="34%">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Plant
Type</span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="16%">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Date</span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="24%">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Results</span></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="25" width="26%">
<ol start="0">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">1<sup>st</sup> rose</span><br />
</ol>
</td>
<td width="34%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="16%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="24%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="25" width="26%">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">2<sup>nd</sup> rose</span><br />
</td>
<td width="34%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="16%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="24%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="25" width="26%">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">Fig tree ( 4 cuttings)</span><br />
</td>
<td width="34%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="16%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="24%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="25" width="26%">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">Grape (6 cuttings)</span><br />
</td>
<td width="34%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="16%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="24%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="25" width="26%">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">Pomegranate (4)</span><br />
</td>
<td width="34%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="16%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="24%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="25" width="26%">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">Root stock (8) </span>
<br />
</td>
<td width="34%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="16%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="24%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="25" width="26%">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">Leaf cutting</span><br />
</td>
<td width="34%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="16%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="24%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td height="25" width="26%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="34%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="16%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="24%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td height="25" width="26%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="34%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="16%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="24%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td height="24" width="26%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="34%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="16%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="24%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<h1 class="western">
</h1>
</div>
<div>
<h1 class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">Grafting
(three only)</span></h1>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0" style="width: 591px;">
<colgroup><col width="133"></col>
<col width="134"></col>
<col width="134"></col>
<col width="133"></col>
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="133">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Task</span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="134">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Scion/Root
stock</span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="134">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Date</span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="133">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Results</span></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="25" width="133">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">Chip Budding</span><br />
</td>
<td width="134">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="134">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="133">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="25" width="133">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">T-budding</span><br />
</td>
<td width="134">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="134">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="133">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="25" width="133">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">Saddle graft</span><br />
</td>
<td width="134">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="134">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="133">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="25" width="133">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">Cleft or Bark Graft</span><br />
</td>
<td width="134">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="134">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="133">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="25" width="133">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">Whip Graft</span><br />
</td>
<td width="134">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="134">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="133">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="25" width="133">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="134">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="134">
<br />
<br />
</td>
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<h1 class="western">
</h1>
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David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-23562584388663409712017-12-22T17:52:00.001-08:002017-12-22T17:52:27.589-08:00Heirloom Seeds, One Story <br />
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman"; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; orphans: 2; padding: 6px; text-align: center; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><div style="margin: 0px;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjisyGA4ZVBg8HOQPUDA-RVzPJIqQIWf_Lnh4K993slBTQh9BIJjlzszNQmGqvw7l7Dkvh1ZLTiQogqywQJ4exAm2BeimWN5kxY-FqwEvpLNLKQO2fq1lBLIVhmrEi_iwztOu6odiPszNk/s1600/2017+Pineschi+Family+Bean.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1008" data-original-width="756" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjisyGA4ZVBg8HOQPUDA-RVzPJIqQIWf_Lnh4K993slBTQh9BIJjlzszNQmGqvw7l7Dkvh1ZLTiQogqywQJ4exAm2BeimWN5kxY-FqwEvpLNLKQO2fq1lBLIVhmrEi_iwztOu6odiPszNk/s400/2017+Pineschi+Family+Bean.jpg" style="cursor: move;" width="300" /></a></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px; padding-top: 4px; text-align: center;"><div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">The large container goes back to the Pineschi<br />family, the large jar is for SLOLA and the small<br />jar is mine to plant! Seeds are abundant! </span></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">There are seeds and seed stories everywhere. Everyone has a relationship to seeds whether they own it or not, because the history of humans and human civilizations are intertwined so deeply, over so many hundreds of years, has made it so. Today's industrial agriculture obfuscates that which once was an intimate relationship into a commodity that we buy, sell, grown with poison and produced with the cheapest means to get to market.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">But seed savers everywhere, want to hold the seed and know the story behind the seed – how did it come to be here? And it is the story that makes heirloom seeds “Heirlooms.” There are many old seeds – seeds of varieties that have been around for 100 years or more – but they aren't “heirlooms” without a story.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">This is about a seed with a story. I don't know how old this variety is, but the story is good enough for the seed to be called an heirloom and the story seems to point to the fact that it is indeed an heirloom. It's starts out with a dental appointment.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">My dental hygienist is married to a dentist. She sees me three or four times a year, if I'm lucky, he sees me three or four times a decade. Professionally at least. So this was one of those professional encounters where I get the question “are you numb yet?” I'm slow about getting numb. He has some stuff in my mouth and my hygienist drops by to say hi, and says to her husband, “David has started a seed library to save old seeds...” And the dentist gets very excited!</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">It turns out that his grandmother (great-grandmother?) had given him some seeds when he had graduated dental school and was moving to Los Angeles to set up his practice. He was charged with these bean seeds as they were the family bean. He had them for over fifteen years and was not so successful in growing enough to keep the seeds supply healthy and he asked if I would help keep his family bean alive. Of course I would! That's what being a seed savior is all about!</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Within a week, I was given an envelope of about 55 seeds of a bean. They were small seeds and I was told they were old. I planted all that I had and presently had a crop of four plants – not a lot of beans. Once the plants were growing and the leaves were distinct, I realized this was not a common bean – <i>Phaseolus vulgaris.</i> And the beans themselves were too long as well. A little research and I figured I had <i>Vigna unguiculata, </i>a close relative, and edible, but not the common bean. It took more time to figure out how to pronounce “unguiculata” than it did to find the correct binomial for it.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">This species is called 'cowpea' probably because they were used for forage for animals as well as human consumption. Cultivated cowpeas are known by the common names black-eyed pea, southern pea, yardlong bean, and crowder pea. Fairly common – and their ability to grow in sandy soil makes them a desirable species to have in our storage. They were domesticated in Africa and are one of the oldest crops to be farmed and not an American bean – like <i>Phaseolus </i>vulgaris, which is what one might suspect without digging into the history of beans. A second domestication event probably occurred in Asia, before they spread into Europe and the Americas.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Our 'cowpea' came from Italy and we call it the Pineschi Family Bean in deference to Dr. Pineschi and his wife that brought this bean to my attention. You can check this productive bean out from the Seed Library when we restock our summer seeds in March. It is a vigorous climber and a good producer of 10 to 12 inch long slender pods. Pick young pods, in the 10 to 12 range and just steam them. I, of course, add butter. Delicious!</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">david </span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
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David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-24245387175722618622017-11-13T10:56:00.001-08:002017-11-13T10:56:09.075-08:00** Very Important Notes for 19 November class!! **<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Because of scheduling conflicts, we will not have our Chicken presentation on the 19th. We will do the Bee Keeping segment this time. We do not have bees, but we will act as though we do.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZ3wgG6MWslG_rsrSfwS5TxH5isGoUAnxiCJo3FudzCC-h_4uHbMQrOL8mMj4BKUKwM93B0-VSn7zQnFdo7nM7F3P9q3SCJgRXVFXXnDsL27EBhYqochWQnN4k5j_EgUKfy5gGGB91uF8/s1600/Ms+Bee+and+BorageBW.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><img border="0" data-original-height="856" data-original-width="1285" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZ3wgG6MWslG_rsrSfwS5TxH5isGoUAnxiCJo3FudzCC-h_4uHbMQrOL8mMj4BKUKwM93B0-VSn7zQnFdo7nM7F3P9q3SCJgRXVFXXnDsL27EBhYqochWQnN4k5j_EgUKfy5gGGB91uF8/s320/Ms+Bee+and+BorageBW.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">This Sunday, then:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">1. Do not wear perfume, cologne or shampoo or wash with heavily scented soap. Bees begin to think of you as a flower and get really close to investigate.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">2. Do not wear black or brown. They are not normally excited, but when we invade their hive, they see black and brown as possibly being their nemesis: Bears! And will treat you like an enemy. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">3. Do not move quickly or erratically in front of an open hive. All movement should be restrained and calm. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">I will be posting some more information later this week.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">david</span>David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-26449361491304099792017-11-03T12:01:00.000-07:002017-11-03T12:01:04.137-07:00Changes to the Syllabus and Some NotesFirst off, there is a threat of rain this Sunday - be prepared and have a jacket handy. I'm probably going to make sure we have a warm soup. <b>Bring your own utensils and a bowl! </b><br />
<br />
<b>DON'T FORGET TO "FALL BACK!" If you don't set your clock back, your 1:00 PM (class start time) will ACTUALLY be noon! You'll be plenty on time!</b><br />
<br />
There are changes to the syllabus reflected below: <br />
<br />
<h2 class="western">
Course Schedule:
</h2>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#ffffff" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0" style="width: 572px;">
<colgroup><col width="136"></col>
<col width="406"></col>
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136">
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-size: medium;">DATE</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406">
<h6 class="western">
TOPIC</h6>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136">
<div align="CENTER">
08 October</div>
</td>
<td width="406">
Introduction/Seed Starting/Urban gardening in context today/12
Points to a Better Garden<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136">
<div align="CENTER">
15 October</div>
</td>
<td width="406">
SLOLA/Seeds/Light/Soils/Water Garden Tour/<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136">
<div align="CENTER">
22 October</div>
</td>
<td width="406">
Tools/Varietals/ Soils and Fertilizers in the Urban garden/Plot
Assignment/Urban Gardens Bigger Picture
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136">
<div align="CENTER">
29 October</div>
</td>
<td width="406">
Planting/Sheet composting/Composting/ Planting Timing and
Design/<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136">
<div align="CENTER">
05 November</div>
</td>
<td width="406">
Sustainability and Food Issues in Modern America/Supplies/
Sources/Annuals/ Soil Contamination and Remediation<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136">
<div align="CENTER">
19 November</div>
</td>
<td width="406">
Planting/Companions/Crop Rotation in a Small Garden/ Beekeeping<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136">
<div align="CENTER">
03 December</div>
</td>
<td width="406">
Perennials/Bulbs as a part of your food supply/Chicken Raising
with Sherilyn Powell/ Vermiculture with Danielle Pisano
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136">
<div align="CENTER">
10 December</div>
</td>
<td width="406">
Home orchard/Vines/<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136">
<div align="CENTER">
17 December</div>
</td>
<td width="406">
Planning for Continuous Harvests/Potluck/Submit your journal
etc for a grade.<br />
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
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<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
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</div>
David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-6880524586526545332017-10-26T13:15:00.005-07:002017-10-26T13:15:59.161-07:00Suggestions for Cool Seasons:<div align="CENTER" class="western">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 22pt;"><b>Suggestions
for Cool Seasons:</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<br />
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b>Artichokes
</b>(a perennial)</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"> Green
Globe Improved, Violetto </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b>Arugula</b>
</span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<br />
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Beets</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b> </b>Burpee’s
Golden, Chiogga, Detroit Dark Red, </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Broccoli</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b> </b>Nutribud,
DeCicco, Waltham, Calabrese</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Brussel
Sprouts</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"> Long
Island Improved </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Cabbage
(including Oriental cabbage-like greens)</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"> Glory
of Einkhuizen, Copenhagen Market, Mammoth Red, </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Carrots</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b> </b>Dragon,
Nantes, Paris Market </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Cauliflower</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b> </b>Early
Snowball </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Celery/Celeriac
</b></span></span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"> Large
Prague Celeriac, </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b>Chard
</b>(the 'Swiss' don’t really
grow it.. why do we give them the honor?)</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b> </b>Fordhook
Giant, Five Color Silverbeet, Ruby (or Rhubarb Red) </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Collards
</b></span></span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"> Vates,
Georgia Southern </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Cresses</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<br />
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Fava
Beans</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b> </b>Windsor;
Aprovecho (sometimes appended with “Select”)</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b>Florence
Fennel </b>(bulbing)</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b>Garlic
</b>(this is a long season crop, plant in Fall harvest next Summer)</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"> Chesnok
Red, Music, Spanish Roja,</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Kale</b></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"> Dinosaur
(Lacinato), Red Russan, </span>
<br />
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Kohlrabi</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<br />
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Leeks</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b> </b>Carina,
King Richard</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Lettuce</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"> more
varieties than you can shake a stick at – or grow a mix! </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b>Onions
</b>(also a long season growing; find “short-day” varieties)</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"> Italian
Torpedo (! you will <i><b>love</b></i> this on the grill!)</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Other
leafy salad things </b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Parsley</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"> Flat
Leaf, Tripled Curled, </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Parsnip</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"> Hollow
Crown, Harris Model </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Peas</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"> Dwarf
Grey Sugar, Green Arrow, Tall Telephone, Mammoth Melting, </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Potatoes</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b> </b>All-Blue,
Caribe, Yukon Gold, many, many others!</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Radishes</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b> </b>French
Breakfast, Fluo, Easter Egg, Purple Plum </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Salsify</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<br />
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Shallots</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western" style="border: none; line-height: 0.23in; padding: 0in;">
<strong><span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></span></span></strong></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Spinach</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"> America,
Bloomsdale Long Standing, Viroflay </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Turnips</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b> </b>Purple
White Top, Golden Ball </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<br />
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;">There
are also other vegetables that are not commonly grown you might want
to try – I've not tried all of them! </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<br />
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;">Include
all perennial herbs and perennial flowers. In addition, try some fun
annuals like calendulas, larkspur, poppies (bread, California or
Iceland types), sweet peas, and venidium. Make room for cilantro!
Lots of cilantro!! </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<br />
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;">All
of the perennial herb (oregano, thyme, rosemary, mints and so on) are
best planted in fall. Ready yourself for fruit tree (and shrub)
planting after the first of the year. </span>
</div>
<div align="CENTER" class="western" style="page-break-before: always;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: 22pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="western" style="break-before: page; text-align: left;">
The following would be planted in your Spring Garden....</div>
<div class="western" style="break-before: page; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div align="CENTER" class="western" style="page-break-before: always;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: 22pt;">Suggestions
for Warm Seasons: </span>
</div>
<div align="CENTER" class="western">
<br />
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Basil
</b></span></span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b> </b>Lettuce
Leaf, Genovese, </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Beans
- drying </b></span></span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b> </b>Black
Turtle, Cannellini </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Beans
– Lima</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b> </b>Christmas
</span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Beans-
snap</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b> </b>Roc
d’Or, Romano, Royal Burgundy</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Sweet
Corn </b></span></span>
</div>
<div class="western" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;">Golden
Bantam, Country Gentleman</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Popcorn</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b> </b>Strawberry
</span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Cucumbers</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"> Lemon,
Mideast Prolific</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Eggplant</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b> </b>Diamond,
Rosa Bianca</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Melons</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Okra</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b> </b>Clemson's
Spineless, Red Burgandy</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Peppers
(Sweet)</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b> </b>Banana,
Corno di Toro, </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Peppers
(Hot)</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b> </b>Ancho,
Jalape<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">ň</span>o, </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Pumpkins</b></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"> Sugar Pie, </span>
<br />
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Squash
(Summer)</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><b> </b>Black
Beauty, Lebanese White, Yellow Crookneck, </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Squash
(Winter)</b></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"> Acorn, Chiriman,
Queensland Blue, Spaghetti,</span><br />
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Tomatoes</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western" style="margin-left: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;">Brandywine,
Golden Jubilee, Italian Gold, Orange Sungold, Norther Delight,
Stupice, Sweet 100’s, Garden Peach, Persimmon and about a thousand
others!</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Tomatillo</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<br />
</div>
<div class="western">
<br />
</div>
<br />
<div class="western">
Plant from seed or buy transplants at a nursery of
fun warm-season annual flowers like marigolds, cleome (watch the
stickers!), cosmos, sunflowers and zinnias. These warm season
flowers make cheerful bouquets. You can also grow everlasting
flowers like statice and gomphrena. The widest selection of flowers
and vegetables is available to those who start their own from seed
and order by mail from the catalogs above and many, many others. </div>
David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-77985683998663185682017-10-26T11:35:00.001-07:002017-10-26T11:35:51.887-07:00Soil Triangle and Some Problems to Solve Before Class <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicmU15gcmtrf_mMcRC7ou5xEN11v9d8Eke3kAQw8ZapmchEofvjsV4YPmg9QE18pFEZihbzJ1PjlnuWWzEW2ToscN_DU2K_a55bIyPE3-QDr3hslWfc7CglDjdXoIJlofKz3ilF6h1aD8/s1600/SoilTriangle.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="434" data-original-width="488" height="284" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicmU15gcmtrf_mMcRC7ou5xEN11v9d8Eke3kAQw8ZapmchEofvjsV4YPmg9QE18pFEZihbzJ1PjlnuWWzEW2ToscN_DU2K_a55bIyPE3-QDr3hslWfc7CglDjdXoIJlofKz3ilF6h1aD8/s320/SoilTriangle.gif" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Attempt to do the following exercises BEFORE class. We'll recap in class! </div>
<h3 align="RIGHT" class="western">
<span style="font-size: medium;">Your Name
________________________</span></h3>
<h3 align="CENTER" class="western">
</h3>
<h3 align="CENTER" class="western">
<span style="font-size: medium;">Using the Soil
Texture Triangle </span>
</h3>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Follow these steps to determine the
name of your soil texture:</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
1. Place the edge of a ruler or other
straight edge at the point along the base of the triangle that
represents the percent of sand in your sample. Position the ruler on
or parallel to the lines which slant toward the base of the triangle.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
2. Place the edge of a second ruler at
the point along the right side of the triangle that represents the
percent of silt in your sample. Position the ruler on or parallel to
the lines which slant toward the base of the triangle.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
3. Place the point of a pencil or pen
at the point where the two lines meet. Place the top edge of one of
the rulers on the mark, and hold the ruler parallel to the horizontal
lines. The number on the left should be the percent of clay in the
sample.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
The descriptive name of the soil sample
is written in the shaded area where the mark is located. If the mark
should fall directly on a line between two descriptions, record both
names.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Sand will feel "gritty",
while silt will feel like powder or flour. Clay will feel "sticky"
and hard to squeeze, and will probably stick to your hand. Looking at
the textural triangle, try to estimate how much sand, silt, or clay
is in the sample. Find the name of the texture that this soil
corresponds to.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<h3 class="western">
Practice Exercises</h3>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Use the following numbers to determine
the soil texture name using the textural triangle. When a number is
missing, fill in the blanks (the sum of % sand, silt and clay should
always add up to 100%) - the last line has been left blank for you to
fill in the numbers you assign to your own soil sample.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<br />
<h3 class="western">
</h3>
<br />
<table border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0" style="width: 591px;">
<colgroup><col width="118"></col>
<col width="94"></col>
<col width="130"></col>
<col width="191"></col>
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="118">
<div align="CENTER">
<b>% SAND</b></div>
</td>
<td width="94">
<div align="CENTER">
<b>%SILT</b></div>
</td>
<td width="130">
<div align="CENTER">
<b>%CLAY</b></div>
</td>
<td width="191">
<div align="CENTER">
<b>TEXTURE NAME</b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="118">
75<br />
</td>
<td width="94">
10<br />
</td>
<td width="130">
15<br />
</td>
<td width="191">
sandy loam<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="118">
10<br />
</td>
<td width="94">
83<br />
</td>
<td width="130">
7<br />
</td>
<td width="191">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="118">
42<br />
</td>
<td width="94">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="130">
37<br />
</td>
<td width="191">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="118">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="94">
52<br />
</td>
<td width="130">
21<br />
</td>
<td width="191">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="118">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="94">
35<br />
</td>
<td width="130">
50<br />
</td>
<td width="191">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="118">
30<br />
</td>
<td width="94">
55<br />
</td>
<td width="130">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="191">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="118">
37<br />
</td>
<td width="94">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="130">
21<br />
</td>
<td width="191">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="118">
5<br />
</td>
<td width="94">
70<br />
</td>
<td width="130">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="191">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="118">
55<br />
</td>
<td width="94">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="130">
40<br />
</td>
<td width="191">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="118">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="94">
45<br />
</td>
<td width="130">
10<br />
</td>
<td width="191">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="118">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="94">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="130">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="191">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-29503011635420907462017-10-21T19:02:00.002-07:002017-10-21T19:02:43.537-07:00Course Update<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-fL4Sc460c7NOvHYme6oBKt7BzYQRh8gO6F2xxOTXVMvjSauaPlscqBiyUWiDS6jt9BtTmF25l0EFDXJZVQSKfMiixkTJX0rXe-b9HwVslPuZTpCibCCyRjp9i-Rqv13ILO5LHnRR6yg/s1600/2012+Photo+of+Tre.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1408" data-original-width="1249" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-fL4Sc460c7NOvHYme6oBKt7BzYQRh8gO6F2xxOTXVMvjSauaPlscqBiyUWiDS6jt9BtTmF25l0EFDXJZVQSKfMiixkTJX0rXe-b9HwVslPuZTpCibCCyRjp9i-Rqv13ILO5LHnRR6yg/s320/2012+Photo+of+Tre.jpg" width="283" /></a></div>
First off, Tre' is OK. It was mighty tough sledding for awhile. After class last week, we drove straight away to an emergency vet hospital. Tre' was unable to walk by the time we got there. They got him to throw up the poison (it was rat poison someone had brought into the garden). When we left a few hours later, he was still in pretty bad condition.<br />
<br />
But he quickly improved. Later in the evening I opened a yogurt and I could see him raise his head and look at me with one eye, clearly interested in some yogurt. I fed him a spoonful and he wolfed it down, and from there on out, he has been improving and within 24 hours he was as active as he's ever been. <br />
<br />
Thank you all for your thoughts and prayers. I would not have anyone lose a pet under those circumstances.<br />
<br />
We will do soils next week. I did not get the proper charts etc loaded earlier in the week and to proceed with that lecture would be unfair to all of you. We will do some planting tomorrow - and take care of a few details for this coming hot spell.<br />
<br />
PLEASE BRING YOUR OWN PLATE AND SERVICE TO CLASS - EVERY CLASS MEETING.<br />
<br />
Would also not hurt to have your own napkin. Tomorrow's meal features cheese.<br />
<br />
We expect unseasonably hot weather - dress accordingly (although I've felt it was plenty cool out there today.<br />
<br />
See you at 1:00 tomorrow.<br />
<br />
david<br />
<br />David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-44065313911357825482017-10-21T18:44:00.003-07:002017-10-21T18:45:46.423-07:00October/Alliums esp. Garlic<h1 align="CENTER" class="headingx-western">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">October
in The Garden </span></span>
</h1>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">In all
the books from back east and England, you'll find fall as a season of
'going to rest,' 'putting the garden to bed' and other allusions to
'sleep' and restoration. It is not true for us! We are in our <i>other</i>
Spring and this Spring is really much more like the Spring other
parts of the world experience. This is our shot at carrots, peas,
and other cool season plants. We either have all our space filled
with plants, or we've just got a part planted with big plans (dreams)
for the rest. So the Winter garden is just beginning its full swing.
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">I
tried to plant one chard plant because I only need one to provide me
with enough chard for all my needs, but there are so many colors to
choose from, I feel a need to grow at least three: yellow, red and I
love the orange. These plants provide continuous chard over a long
season, negating the need for succession planting. Almost
everything else benefits by being sowed at intervals throughout the
season, a process called 'succession sowing' or 'succession
planting.' </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Succession
planting is the mark of a really good gardener. This is a person who
plants a garden to get to eat the very freshest of food – you don't
pick your veggies and put them in the fridge to age before you eat
them – that isn't the intent. To the degree possible, only plant
enough of what can be eaten in a reasonable amount of time. As a
single person, I have found that a twelve to eighteen inch row for
most things is the perfect size to grow enough to supply fresh
carrots, beets, parsnips, cutting lettuces, for any given time. A
typical planting schedule for me might look like this (in
parenthesis, I name the varieties I like): </span>
</div>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#ffffff" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<colgroup><col width="128*"></col>
<col width="128*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Week 1 – carrots (Cosmic
Purple) </span>
</td>
<td width="50%"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Week 7 - lettuce (Drunken
Woman Frizzy Head)</span></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Week 2 – beets (Golden)</span></td>
<td width="50%"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Week 8 – carrots (Nantes)</span></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Week 3 – parsnips (Hollow
Crown)</span></td>
<td width="50%"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Week 9 – beets (Red Ball)</span></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Week 4 – carrots (Armadillo)</span></td>
<td width="50%"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Week 10 – spinach (America)</span></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Week 5 – beets (Chioggia)</span></td>
<td width="50%"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Week 11 – turnips (Purple
Globe) </span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Week 6 – turnips (DeMilano)</span></td>
<td width="50%"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Week 12 – beets (Golden)</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Quickly
you see that, though I do eat parsnips and turnips, I don't eat
nearly as many of them as I do carrots or beets. Your situation
might be different in that you could care less at all about ANY
parsnips, but spinach is near and dear to your heart so you would
have spinach in the rotation much more than I do. Also note, that
only one of the carrots, Nantes, is orange. Cosmic Purple you have
already guessed is purple and Armadillo is yellow. There are other
colors and other varieties out there, don't get boxed in by what you
are used to! Enjoy diversity! Diversity in nature is a a sign of
strength and resiliency. </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">You
can do the same thing, for a larger family by planting three
different things per week – carrots, beets and spinach in week one;
turnips, lettuce and parsnips in week two; carrots, beets and
parsnips in week three. Or spinach, one row, every week all cool
season long. Tailor the program to your needs! You might also find
that you need longer rows – I wouldn't imagine that an 18” row
would suffice for a family of four! Play around with the scheduling
and the row length and the mix of plants you grow until you find what
your family needs. At which point, their needs will change, but
you'll have a lot more data with which to figure out the new
schedule. </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">One
of the marks of a very good gardener is succession sowing down to
such a science allowing fresh vegetables on the table without lag
time or a concentration of over-abundance and wild fluctuations
leaving you with nothing from the garden for intervening weeks.
Learning how to do this well has been the work of a lifetime for many
and, as for me, I still find it a moving target. But at least I know
what I’m shooting for! </span>
</div>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#ffffff" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<colgroup><col width="79*"></col>
<col width="75*"></col>
<col width="101*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="31%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Start
These In Containers</b></span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="29%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Start
These In The Ground</b></span></span></div>
</td>
<td width="40%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Move
to the Ground from Containers</b></span></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="31%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">All
cabbage family crops</span></div>
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Fava
beans </span>
</div>
</td>
<td width="29%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Fava
beans</span></div>
<div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Lettuce</span></div>
</td>
<td width="40%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Any
cabbage family plant big enough to survive.</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="31%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Leeks</span></div>
</td>
<td width="29%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Potatoes
(tubers)</span></div>
</td>
<td width="40%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Leeks</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="31%"><div align="CENTER">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td width="29%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Carrots
</span>
</div>
</td>
<td width="40%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Herbs</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="31%"><div align="CENTER">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td width="29%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Lentils</span></div>
</td>
<td width="40%"><div align="CENTER">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="31%"><div align="CENTER">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td width="29%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Peas</span></div>
</td>
<td width="40%"><div align="CENTER">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="31%"><div align="CENTER">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td width="29%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Garbanzo
beans</span></div>
</td>
<td width="40%"><div align="CENTER">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="31%"><div align="CENTER">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td width="29%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Garlic
(bulbs)</span></div>
</td>
<td width="40%"><div align="CENTER">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="31%"><div align="CENTER">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td width="29%"><div align="CENTER">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Shallots
(bulbs)</span></div>
</td>
<td width="40%"><div align="CENTER">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Here
is the deal with winter sowing – you can continue to sow all winter
crops through November. After November, we need to begin to look at
the harvest dates. Before November is out, you will need to have all
your onion family plants in the ground. These include garlic, leeks,
onions and shallots. They take a long time. Celery and celeriac,
another long season grower, should probably not be planted after
November as well. Carrots and parsnips can be planted deep into
December, but after that, look for smaller carrots that will be done
before your world heats up.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">You
can cheat – this isn't mathematics where the answer is right or
it's wrong. Often the answer in gardening is “it depends.”
There are perimeters of hot and cold, sun and shade that we work
with. There are no hard and fast rules about when to plant what –
mostly just guidelines. You can lose – even when you don't cheat.
I know, it is unfair, but it's part and parcel of growing food and
you can see why many books from antiquity regularly address putting
food in storage and consciously regard famine as an ever-present
problem to be dealt with.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">If you
plant one thing on one date every year, in at least one of those in
seven years will not work out for you. Not your fault. The weather
is not the same every September 5<sup>th</sup>. Or any other day in
the calendar. If you could predict the weather out for 6 months or
so, you'd be very rich. But this has been the problem of food
growers from the beginning. And climate change has made it even more
forbidding. There are years when I'm watching baby tomato plants
struggle in late May I wish I had planted beets instead – any we
may well find that is the way we do things – start tomatoes AND
plant beets at the same time. </span>
</div>
<div align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>Butternut
Squash With Pecans And Blue Cheese</b></span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">I've
done this annually for many years and it's always been a hit! I know
grilling in the fall seems like I missed the summer boat, but really,
in Southern California, we can grill almost year round, avoiding
windy days during dry season. Any sweet, hard skin winter squash
will suffice; butternut is only one of the many that will work.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">4-1/2
lbs butternut squash</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">3
tablespoons olive oil</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">6
stalks fresh thyme or 1/2 teaspoon dried thyme</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">1
cup pecans</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">1
cup crumbled Roquefort or other blue cheese</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Get
the grill going and warmed up. </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Halve
the squash, leaving the skin on, and scoop out the seeds, then cut
into two to three inch cubes; you don't need to be precise, just keep
the pieces uniformly. Smaller, they fall thru the grill. </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Mix
the squash in a bowl with the oil adding thyme. Cook on the grill
until just tender enough to eat.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">From
the grill, throw them into a bowl with crumbled blue cheese and
pecans and mix. The hot cheese will hold pecan pieces to the squash.
Serve at once. You may eat the entire squash, skin and all. </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>Alliums
</b></span></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">When
we sow seeds of most of our food plants, they show up with two little
leaves right off the bat. Those cute little leaves are technically
called “cotyledons” and the ones with two leaves are
appropriately called “dicotyledons” - the “di” meaning two.
Gardeners often shorten this to “dicots.” </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
“<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Alliums”
refer to all plants in the “onion” family. All alliums have only
one little leaf and therefore are called “monocotyledons” or,
more often, “monocots.” This gives you some of the botanical
background on these plants. As far as evolution goes, monocots are
much newer on the scene than dicots. Monocots, like dicots,
describes a very large group of plants, but we know dicots came first
and monocots are the newcomers. Monocots include palm trees,
grasses, all the grains (which are grasses) and are very diverse and
adaptable. In fact, if you consider that dicots have been around a
couple of thousands of years and then take note of all the land
occupied by monocots, you can see with your own eyes how adaptable
these monocots are! Who wrote that line, “I am the grass, I cover
all...?” It was an honest and perceptive observation.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Allium is
a group of plants that includes hundreds of species, including
the cultivated onion, garlic, scallion, shallot, leek,
and chives. There are less planted species like clumping
onions, 'walking' onions and others – but they share a sharp odor
and taste. They are usually used in some moderation as flavor
additives and not the star on their own. They appear in cuisines
from all over the world.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">The
American food system has done a horrible job with these plants. The
preoccupation with profit – often with merit given OUR
preoccupation with the price of our food – has led most
supermarkets to stock only one of two varieties of garlic -
“California Early” or “California Late.” Read descriptions
of these garlics and rarely does “taste” come up as an attribute
– the number one quality of these two garlics is their ability to
withstand rotting. </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Also,
check out the prices on shallots. One of the more expensive tastes
in the fresh veggie area of the store. However, shallots are easier
to grow than onions! Which are not that easy to grow in our climate.
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">No
matter which alliums you choose to grow, they are, for the most part,
easy. While they are all similar in many ways, there are details to
know about each.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;"><b>All
Alliums: Plant in fall. Pointy end up. Scarred end down. No need to
cover clove. Slow from seed. Usually can find sets/plants.
Senescence of leaves indicates harvest time is nigh. Cut back water.
Knock over tops that have not fallen. Allow to cure for a few days.
Harvest should be dried for a further two weeks sheltered from direct
sun and stored in a cool, dark place away from potatoes. Some folks
swear by storing onions in small brown paper bags punched with holes.
Do not plan on storing alliums for more than four months, unless you
have ideal circumstances.</b></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;"><b>Onions
</b></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Let's
start with this ubiquitous ingredient in our cuisine. Like all
alliums, onions for us are a Fall/Winter crop. There are many
different types – some of which have national recognition. Let's
start out with the well-knowns, like Walla Walla, Vidalia and from
California, Imperial Valley Sweet Onions. While the Imperial Valley
Sweet might be able to be grown in your garden, most of the others
cannot and if they could, would not have the same sweetness because
their sweetness, in part, is a function of the particular soil and
climate they are grown in. </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Only a
few years ago, seed catalogs used to indicate the different “day
length hours” for each onion variety. </span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">
</span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Different
types of onions have different light (and dark) requirements.</span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">The
varieties of onions that require a shorter period (11 to 13 hours) of
daylight to bulb are termed "short day" onions. Those that
require the longest period of daylight (14 hours per day or more) to
form bulbs are known as "long day" onions. Those with
intermediate requirements (from 13 to 14 hours of light per day to
bulb) are called, logically, "intermediate" onions.</span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">In
Southern California, we need short day onions – ones that will bulb
up in our winters – the intermediates will work too, if planted
later in the season, although an early hot spell can doom them. But
with seed catalogs not telling us the day length, what do you do?
Choose varieties that have names that indicate they would be short
day onions; Texas grows onions in the winter, so anything with
“Texas” in the name, you have a good bet it will be short day.
About half the Italian varieties will be short day, or if you buy
from a California company you have 50/50 chance of getting short-day
onions. </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">The
ways you can grow onions can be overwhelming. Each of these have
benefits and once you understand them, you will adapt to the other
alliums with ever-increasing enthusiasm and certainty.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;"><b>Seed</b>
– sow seed at the beginning of September – or even earlier if you
have a cooler protected area. They will look like grass as they
start. You can sow almost a half packet of onion seed in a six pack,
like 15 plus seeds per cell. And they will suffer the indignity of
being forgot with more aplomb than the majority of plants. Once most
of the extreme hot weather is beyond us, say the second week in
October (he says wistfully), set the baby plants out about five to
eight inches apart. </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;"><b>Sets</b>
– Sets are onions plants that were started and grew to a small
onion size. They are harvested and sold and the gardener will pop
these little dried onions into the soil, then water and poof. They
begin to grow again. They will take less time than onions from
seeds. You sacrifice choices, though, as you will find only one
variety of yellow, white and purple. They come in a bag with enough
for three or more city gardeners to share. Unless you really eat a
lot of onions. Sets are put in the ground with about <span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">½</span>
to ¾ of the bulb showing. The only reason to bury it deeper would
be to prevent frost damage. If you get frost damage, bury it deeper.
</span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;"><b>Plants</b>
– just like the name, you are buying small plant. Usually sold by
the pound with a five pound minimum, this is a great way to get one
of the most wonderful of onions, the Italian Red Torpedo. This is an
intermediate onion, elongated, and not too fat of a bulb. It is
sweet enough to eat fresh from the garden, but grilled, these onions
are amazingly sweet and worth the effort. Biggest drawbacks: poor
storage life, they rot soon after being pulled, expensive
($5.99/pound, 5 pound minimum order) and they always sell out! Can
also be started from seeds. Because of expense, the Italian Red
Torpedo is the only onion I would consider growing from plants.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Shallots
</b></span></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Can
be grown from seed – most of that seed, though is hybrid which I
try to avoid. Shallots are easier to grow than onions and cost way
more at the store. Save your time and your back: grow shallots and
ditch onions!</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">They
also can be grown from sets and that is the most common way to
purchase shallots to grow. You can find shallot seed at
superseeds.com and Johnny's Selected Seed, but shallot sets are all
over the place. I haven't grow enough of them to consider myself an
expert – yet. Planting of sets is described above.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Garlic
“Before embarking on a gourmet garlic expedition, remember each
variety yields experiences as unique as its name.” Laura Maher,
garlic writer/expert </b></span></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">If
you have not grown your own garlic and you do not hang out in gourmet
circles, you might have been missing one of the greatest culinary
delights in your life! Garlic you can buy to grow includes much more
flavor that that stuff in the grocery. </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">There
are two types: hardneck and softneck. There are further divisions
and classifications, but lets just start here. Articles will tell
you you cannot grow hardneck garlic here. That's not true. I did it
before they told me and I've been doing for over twenty years.
Hardneck: try Chesnok Red – mild; Spanish Roja – my favorite, a
light bite (Slow Food USA's Ark of Taste variety) and Music –
slightly hotter than Roja and the current fav of chefs every where!
Softneck: Inchellium Red is memorable – by “memorable” I mean
it will take you time to get that spicey out of your mouth! Also on
the Slow Food USA's Ark of Taste. </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Elephant
garlic is a form of leek. It has a leek- like soft allium flavor,
but nothing like the real garlics above.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Leeks</b></span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">From
seed or sets. Plant tiny plants at the bottom of a foot wide trench.
You are trying to grow the leek so more of the bottom is white
(blanched) so dig your trench down about six inches, plant the sets
or baby plants at the bottom – as they grow, pull more and more of
the soil back into the trench to keep most of the plants out of the
sunlight – this will give you more blanched leek to eat! Pull as
needed – you aren't going to dry these and save them in a cool,
dark place.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Chives
are a perennial onion grown for the green leaves which are chopped
fine and used as a onion flavored addition to many dishes – in
fact, can make an ordinary dish take on a little more polish with a
pinch. </span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Plant
clumps of up to six chive bulbs 5 to 8 inches apart. Divide large
clumps about every 3 years. Dig up the plants and divide them into
small clumps with four to six bulbs each. Harvest as needed
leaving enough leaf for the plants to keep producing. Remove
flowering stalks – flowers are edible too.</span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">
</span></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;"><b>Perennial
and bunching onions </b>– There are many.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">You
will see “Walking Onions” - sometimes with “Egyptian” on the
front. They are small onions, baby onions grow in the foliage,
eventually becoming heavy enough to pull the foliage down low enough
for the baby bulbs to hit the ground, where they grow roots and give
the impression that the onions are “walking.” Use in place of
shallots – a bit more oomph and not to everyone's taste. </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Perennial
onions divide at the base. One plant becomes five plants, five
plants become 25 plants. Share them as well as eat them. They need
that kind of attention. I grow walking onions as well as I'itoi
onions, which r<span style="color: #333333;">arely
flower or set seed. They are propagated by division of the bulbs.
When the greens dry down, the bulbs can be dug up and divided. Enjoy
a few, but be sure to save a some for the next planting. The name
I'itoi signifies the Elder Brother, who is the creator deity in
Tohono O'odham legends.</span> </span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Grow
these plants. They do not take a lot of room, although do keep them
somewhat separate as they will have to remain unwatered at the end of
their season – that can be hard on other plants.</span></div>
<h2 class="western">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">Aliums: Garlic</span></h2>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8L8yHX8aJJ3h3kS05P7AxfomEQIFOhXMzNchaAmtW8yXEWMXXrwAb-8VetBeFC5pH-TBwB4Rt1WHmUXPhQHmhgc9AIYARljy-lmEM3dbgrmYVIlL66RJtZmXBV_VqlYGHqVWMjQ_wAjI/s1600/Garlic.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="356" data-original-width="498" height="228" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8L8yHX8aJJ3h3kS05P7AxfomEQIFOhXMzNchaAmtW8yXEWMXXrwAb-8VetBeFC5pH-TBwB4Rt1WHmUXPhQHmhgc9AIYARljy-lmEM3dbgrmYVIlL66RJtZmXBV_VqlYGHqVWMjQ_wAjI/s320/Garlic.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<h2 class="western">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;">HARVEST/STORAGE</span></h2>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Harvest time depends on when you
plant, but the clue is to look for yellow tops. Harvest when the
tops begin to yellow and fall over, before they are completely dry.</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
In our climate, harvesting will
probably be in late May or early June.
</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Check the bulb size and wrapper
quality; you don’t want the wrapper to disintegrate.
</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Dig too early and the bulb will be
immature.
</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Discontinue watering.</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
To harvest, carefully lift the
bulbs with a garden fork. Gently pull the plants, carefully brush
off the soil, and let them cure in an airy, <b>shady</b> spot for
two weeks. Hang them upside down on a string in bunches no more than
six bulbs. Make sure all sides get good air circulation.</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
The bulbs are cured and ready to
store when the wrappers are dry and papery and the roots are dry.
The root top should be hard, and the cloves cracked easily apart.</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Once the garlic bulbs are dry, you
can store them. Remove any dirt and trim off any roots or leaves.
Keep the wrappers on—but remove the dirtiest wrappers.</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Garlic bulbs may be stored
individually with the tops removed, or the dried tops may be braided
(provided you planted softneck garlic) together to make a garlic
braid to hang in the kitchen or storage room.</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Bulbs should be stored in a cool
(40 degrees F), dark, dry place, and can be kept in the same way for
several months. Don’t store in your basement if it’s moist!</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
The flavor will increase as the
bulbs are dried.</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
If you plan on planting garlic
again next season, save some of your largest, best-formed bulbs to
plant again in the fall.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><b>RECOMMENDED VARIETIES</b></i></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
There are three types of varieties of
garlic: Softneck, Hardneck, and Greatneck (Elephant).</div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Softneck varieties</b>,
like their name suggests, have necks that stay soft after harvest,
and therefore are the types that you see braided. It is less
winter-hardy than other types and cannot be grown where there are
harsh winters. A good flavor, but shine as good keepers. Recommended
varieties: ‘Inchelium Red', ‘Purple Italian’</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Hardneck varieties</b>
grow one ring of cloves around a stem, there are not layers of
cloves as there is in softneck varieties. They are extremely
cold hardy, but do not store as well or long as other varieties.
Many hardnecks have strong flavors and are among chefs are some of
the most sought after garlics in the market. Recommended varieties:
'Music', 'Spanish Roja.'
</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Greatneck varieties </b>are <i><b>not</b></i>
recommended. They are more closely related to leeks than other
varieties and their flavor is more like onion than traditional
garlic. Bulbs and cloves are large, with about 4 cloves to
a bulb. Big bulbs, but a flavor bust.</div>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-62405453509618590072017-10-07T17:59:00.001-07:002017-10-07T17:59:31.369-07:00Introduction to Tools and Their Jobs<div align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;"><b>Categories
of Tools</b></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">The most important tools you use are
the different parts of your body – your hands, your skin, your
back, your knees and your legs. Chemical sunblock may be bad for
your body, but it most certainly does nature no good once you've
washed it off. A long-sleeved cotton shirt and cotton pants are cool
and, if you can find organic cotton that costs less than the US
Military budget, you are doing Gaia a good deal. Wear a hat (it's
stylish anyway!) and comfortable shoes. Get gloves that will stand
to the work you are doing – digging with shovels almost always
means a heavy glove, gardening in containers is a piece of cake with
cotton gloves or some of the new plasticized gloves. Get more than
one type.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Have on hand muscle rub (I use stuff
with arnica in it) and hand creams if you worry about callouses
grossing you – or someone else out. Do some stretches to prevent
injuries.
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">A. Stand up gardening/Mulch, Compost
moving</span></div>
<ol>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Double digger, aka broadfork
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Spading fork</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Compost fork
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Grain Shovel (aka Grain scoop)
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Spade
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Round point shovel
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Poachers spade
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Leaf rake
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Broom for clean up if needed
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Long handle vs. short handle
</span></div>
<ol>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Long handles – more leverage
(easier to break), better for tall people</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Short handles – easier to fit
into smaller spaces and more appropriate for short people
</span></div>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Wheel barrow/gardeners cart
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Tarps (either the blue plastic
or burlap) to make clean up easier
</span></div>
</li>
</ol>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">B. Kneeling gardening
</span></div>
<ol>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Trowel</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Hand fork
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Weeders
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Japanese hori hori knife can be
used as a trowel and a weeder
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">The Stick tool (my 'invention')
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Scissors
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Kneeling pad or a small stool
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Dibbles
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Wire brush
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Sharp serrated knives
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Watering can or hose
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Tape measure
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">I include a radio with my kit
</span></div>
</li>
</ol>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">C. Container gardening</span></div>
<ol>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Trowel</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Hand fork
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Weeders
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Kneeling pad (?)</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Tarp
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Watering can or hose
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Machete
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Pot brush
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Container knife
</span></div>
</li>
</ol>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<ol start="500" type="I">
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Seeding</span></div>
<ol>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">1. Widget
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">2. Seeding tool
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">3. Small Swiss Army Knife
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">4. Pencil
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">5. Marker
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">6. Plastic tags
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">7. Flats
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">8. Newspapers
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">9. Containers
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">10. Journal or notebook!
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">11. Chopsticks
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">12. Soft nozzle for the hose or a
Haws watering can
</span></div>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">E. Harvesting</span></div>
<ol>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Knives</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Scissors
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Pruners
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Containers – baskets, bags,
dishpan – to wash and clean produce (as needed)
</span></div>
</li>
</ol>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">F. Pruning</span></div>
<ol>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Pruners that fit your hand</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Folding saw
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Loppers
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Pole Pruner
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Large saw
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Sharp knife
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Specialty gloves if needed
</span></div>
</li>
</ol>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">G. Tool care</span></div>
<ol>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Linseed oil for wood</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Any oil for metal
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Rags
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Sharpening devices
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Sandpaper in different grades
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Listerine to sterilize your
tools
</span></div>
</li>
</ol>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">H. Almost all kits have
</span></div>
<br />
<ol>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Knife or knives</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Screwdrivers
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Pliers
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Measuring tape of some kind
</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">And a radio to listen to the
baseball game....</span></div>
</li>
</ol>
David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-56293904587270141122017-10-05T13:07:00.001-07:002017-10-05T13:39:27.147-07:00Syllabus: Urban Food Production Fall 2017<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNqMZf1Y_Rjs7zii6dPxdu0X3D0cxwHVBMPN0mdd7TodkZIOpgliv87unop9_mldXyzICcnivPhgkaUusbrF5qB6FLpaAHvprmHvWLEzqR6AAz9rkuwJKgJBdAXknkyeEDv6kUPCUmm5Q/s1600/Amaranthaceae.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="900" data-original-width="1600" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNqMZf1Y_Rjs7zii6dPxdu0X3D0cxwHVBMPN0mdd7TodkZIOpgliv87unop9_mldXyzICcnivPhgkaUusbrF5qB6FLpaAHvprmHvWLEzqR6AAz9rkuwJKgJBdAXknkyeEDv6kUPCUmm5Q/s640/Amaranthaceae.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<ol>
<br />
</ol>
<h5 class="western">
Course Number: <span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Biology
X 489.6 </span></span>
</h5>
<h2 class="western">
Instructor: David King</h2>
<div class="western">
<span style="color: black;">310.722.3656</span></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="color: blue;"><u><a href="mailto:greenteach@roadrunner.com"><span style="color: black;">greenteach@gmail.com</span></a></u></span></div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="western">
There are no
prerequisites for this course, although some experience with
gardening will prove useful.
</div>
<div class="western">
<br /></div>
<div class="western">
All classes meet at
The Learning Garden on the Venice High School campus where it can be
hot and cold by turns – but reliably <b>MUCH COOLER</b> than other
parts of Los Angeles. For your own comfort, please bring a sweater
or coat to every class meeting. <b>Class will meet regardless of the
weather</b>. Expect to get wet or cold as we will be outside for a
portion of every meeting.</div>
<div class="western">
<br /></div>
<div class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0.2in;">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">The
production, packaging, and transportation of food are large
contributors to our global carbon emissions. Throughout the Los
Angeles Basin, food gardens have sprung up to produce local healthy
and nutritious fruits and vegetables while contributing energy and
financial savings in difficult economic times. Using the history of
growing food in the city in times of need as a template, this course
explores how homegrown food can reduce your food budget and address
environmental concerns. Participants each have a small plot for
growing food where they can experiment with new ideas and enjoy their
harvest. Topics include fruit trees, vegetables, and berries that do
well in our climate as well as often overlooked food-producing
perennials and how to grow food in modern city lots where the "back
forty" describes square feet and not acres.</span></div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<colgroup><col width="204*"></col>
<col width="52*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" valign="TOP" width="100%"><h2 class="western">
Textbooks Required:
</h2>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="80%"><h5 class="western">
Title The New Sunset Western Garden Book</h5>
<div class="western">
Author Brenzel,
Kathleen Norris (Editor)</div>
<div class="western">
Edition Feb. 2012</div>
<div class="western">
Publisher Sunset
Books</div>
<h5 class="western">
ISBN 978-0376039170</h5>
</td>
<td width="20%"><br /></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="western">
<br /></div>
<div class="western">
There will be no
assigned reading from the book, but it really is essential if you are
gardening in Southern California. The most recent edition is not
really necessary, however, it does have more data in it and with each
edition Sunset pays more respect to food gardening.</div>
<div class="western">
<br /></div>
<div class="western">
This will be
supplemented by postings on my Garden Notes blog,
<a href="http://lagardennotes.blogspot.com/">http://lagardennotes.blogspot.com/</a>
. I hope to post most of the material in the days prior to the class
when it will be used.</div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<colgroup><col width="132*"></col>
<col width="124*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" valign="TOP" width="100%"><h2 class="western">
Textbooks, Recommended:
</h2>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="51%"><h5 class="western">
Title The Kitchen Garden</h5>
<div class="western">
Author Thompson,
Sylvia</div>
<div class="western">
Edition First</div>
<div class="western">
Publisher Bantam
Books</div>
<h5 class="western">
ISBN 0-553-08138-1</h5>
<div class="western">
*(She has a
companion cookbook that is worth investigation too!)
</div>
</td>
<td width="49%"><h5 class="western">
Title Heirloom Vegetable Gardening</h5>
<div class="western">
Author Weaver,
William Woys</div>
<div class="western">
Edition First</div>
<div class="western">
Publisher Henry
Holt</div>
<h5 class="western">
ISBN 0-8050-4025-0</h5>
<div class="western">
Almost impossible
to find – out of print</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="51%"><div class="western">
Title Pests of the Garden and Small Farm</div>
<div class="western">
Author Flint, Mary
Louise
</div>
<div class="western">
Edition 2nd</div>
<div class="western">
Publisher Univ of
California Agriculture & Natural Resources</div>
<div class="western">
<b>ISBN 978- 0520218108 </b>
</div>
</td>
<td width="49%"><b>Title The Resilient Gardener</b><br />
<br />
<br />
Author Deppe, Carol<br />
Edition First<br />
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Publisher
<span style="color: black;">Chelsea
Green</span></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><b>ISBN
978-1603580311 </b></span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="western">
<br /></div>
<div class="western">
There will be no
assigned reading from these books. The rest of the literature, as
references, will prove invaluable to any serious student in this
field. There will be bibliographies describing other books as the
quarter progresses, I am a ferocious reader and not at all shy about
suggesting books I think deserve your attention. From the
bibliography, you will choose one book to read and report on. This
report will be turned in at the end of class; see the point
assignment structure on the next page.</div>
<div class="western">
<br /></div>
<h2 class="western">
Course Schedule:
</h2>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#ffffff" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0" style="width: 572px;">
<colgroup><col width="136"></col>
<col width="406"></col>
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
<span style="font-size: medium;">DATE</span></div>
</td>
<td width="406"><h6 class="western">
TOPIC</h6>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
08
October</div>
</td>
<td width="406"><div class="western">
Introduction/Seed
Starting/Urban gardening in context today/12 Points to a Better
Garden</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
15
October</div>
</td>
<td width="406"><div class="western">
SLOLA/Seeds/Light/Soils/Water
Garden Tour/</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
22
October</div>
</td>
<td width="406"><div class="western">
Tools/Varietals/
Soils and Fertilizers in the Urban garden/Plot Assignment/Urban
Gardens Bigger Picture
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
29
October</div>
</td>
<td width="406"><div class="western">
Planting/Sheet
composting/Composting/Vermiculture Planting Timing and Design/</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
05
November</div>
</td>
<td width="406"><div class="western">
Sustainability and
Food Issues in Modern America/Supplies/Sources/Annuals/</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
19
November</div>
</td>
<td width="406"><div class="western">
Planting/Companions/Crop
Rotation in a Small Garden/ Chicken Raising Sherilyn Powell/</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
03
December</div>
</td>
<td width="406"><div class="western">
Perennials/Bulbs as
a part of your food supply/Beekeeping</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
10
December</div>
</td>
<td width="406"><div class="western">
Home orchard/Vines</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="136"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
17
December</div>
</td>
<td width="406"><div class="western">
Planning for
Continuous Harvests/Potluck/Submit your journal for a grade.</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="western">
<br /></div>
<div class="western">
(Syllabus may be
changed as needed to reflect reality.)
</div>
<div class="western">
Please note that
November has a few holidays and plants do not take a holiday. – we
will need to ensure that watering happens to keep the plants alive if
there is no rain while we all enjoy our celebrations.
</div>
<div class="western">
<br /></div>
<div class="western">
Point Assignment
Structure
</div>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#ffffff" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<colgroup><col width="76*"></col>
<col width="66*"></col>
<col width="10*"></col>
<col width="68*"></col>
<col width="36*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="30%"><div class="western">
Class participation
(and cooperation)</div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="20" width="26%"><div align="RIGHT" class="western">
20</div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#333333" width="4%"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#cccccc" width="27%"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
Grade
of A</div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#cccccc" width="14%"><div align="LEFT" class="western">
> 90%</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="30%"><div class="western">
Garden Journal</div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="20" width="26%"><div align="RIGHT" class="western">
20</div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#333333" width="4%"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#cccccc" width="27%"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
B</div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#cccccc" width="14%"><div align="LEFT" class="western">
>80%</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="30%"><div class="western">
1 page book review</div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="20" width="26%"><div align="RIGHT" class="western">
20</div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#333333" width="4%"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#cccccc" width="27%"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
C</div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#cccccc" width="14%"><div align="LEFT" class="western">
>70%</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="30%"><div class="western">
Planting Project</div>
</td>
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="40" width="26%"><div align="RIGHT" class="western">
40</div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#333333" width="4%"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#cccccc" width="27%"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
D and
F</div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#cccccc" width="14%"><div align="LEFT" class="western">
Failing</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="30%"><div class="western">
<b>TOTAL</b></div>
</td>
<td width="26%"><div align="RIGHT" class="western">
<b>100</b></div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#333333" width="4%"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#cccccc" width="27%"><div align="CENTER" class="western">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td bgcolor="#cccccc" width="14%"><div align="LEFT" class="western">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<ul>
<div class="western">
</div>
</ul>
<div class="western">
<br /></div>
<div class="western">
Please note, I try to
grade you on your personal improvement. <i><b>Cooperation is counted
more than competition in my classes. </b></i>
</div>
<div class="western">
<br /></div>
<div class="western">
Office hours are by
appointment only – please call or email me. I am willing to meet
with you; I want you to learn; I do not want you to struggle. Please
do not hesitate to call me, rather than try to talk to me in class
when I can't really give you undivided attention. Extra points are
available if you need to earn more credit.
</div>
<div class="western">
<br /></div>
<div class="western">
Each class, as we
start, will usually begin with lecture and then proceed to the garden
where you will have your own small plot. As the sun sets earlier,
the order will be reversed – everyone starts in their garden and
then we go in to lecture.
</div>
<div class="western">
<br /></div>
<div class="western">
<i><b>You are
encouraged to experiment in your garden plot. </b></i>Your process
should be thoroughly documented in your journal – your thinking and
your understanding of what is happening in your garden. If you have
a problem, research a solution.
</div>
<div class="western">
<br /></div>
<div class="western">
Pick one book from the
ones presented in class to read and report on.
</div>
<div class="western">
<br /></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Every week, we
will prepare some seasonal food to eat. There are no places to buy
food while in class and we are here for four hours. Students are
encouraged to bring in food
to share with the class at all meetings. <i><b>Students should bring
in their own plate and eating utensils so we can have a minimum waste
event. </b></i><b>The last class meeting will be a potluck where we
will all share local and fresh food! (That's the point, right?)</b></span></span></div>
<div class="western">
<br /></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">The Learning
Garden is open daily, 3 to 5:00 PM, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday
and 10 to 5 on Saturday and Sunday. You are welcome to come here
and work on your plot or just come and hang out. It's always best to
call ahead to make sure I'm here as sometimes I have errands or
meetings off campus. </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<br /></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Criteria for your
garden journal grade:</span></div>
<ol>
<li><div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Documentation of
what you planted when</span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Documentation of
weather elements – temperature (minimum and maximum) as well as an
precipitation and noting humidity or dryness, especially of Santa
Ana winds. </span>
</div>
</li>
<li><div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Germination per
cent. </span>
</div>
</li>
<li><div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Choice of
varieties sources and reasoning.</span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Success/failures
discussed – alternatives to failures/expansion of successes</span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Plans for the
future </span>
</div>
</li>
<li><div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Drawings of the
garden (either done by hand or by computer program) </span>
</div>
</li>
<li><div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Photos/drawings
of garden's progress </span>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="western">
<br /></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Criteria
for your garden plot grade: </span>
</div>
<ol>
<li><div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">You
should experiment and try something you have never done – explore!</span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Your
plot and adjacent pathways should be cleared of weeds.</span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Your
plot and adjacent pathways should be well mulched.</span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Your
plot should be attractive and be growing some food. </span>
</div>
</li>
<li><div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">Your
journal should indicate you learned something from the plot. </span>
</div>
</li>
<li><div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">When
presented with the opportunity, you should cooperate with other
students, help those in need and be team member of this class.</span></div>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="western">
<br /></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">The
person who starts from seed vs. bringing in growing plants, will have
plants not nearly as far along as the others – but stands to make a
better grade if they have experimented with growing from seed – I
am more interested that you LEARN in this class – just doing what
you already have done doesn't teach you anything. We are all
gardeners here, if we don't have patience yet, we soon will.
Cultivate patience with your plants while in The Learning Garden. </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<br /></div>
<div class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;">All
handouts (including this syllabus) will be available on the blog
site: </span>
</div>
<div class="western">
<br /></div>
<div align="CENTER" class="western">
<span style="font-family: "gill sans mt" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><a href="http://lagardennotes.blogspot.com/">http://lagardennotes.blogspot.com/</a></span></span></div>
<div align="LEFT" class="western">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div align="LEFT" class="western">
<br /></div>
David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-62585375655773800412017-08-17T13:03:00.001-07:002017-08-17T13:03:04.374-07:00Our Final Field Trip: Atwater CreekWhen trying to find this on a map - search for North Atwater Park and you'll get the right directions.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="450" src="https://www.google.com/maps/embed?pb=!1m18!1m12!1m3!1d6605.036021444199!2d-118.2765585886621!3d34.13308709164983!2m3!1f0!2f0!3f0!3m2!1i1024!2i768!4f13.1!3m3!1m2!1s0x80c2c0f531ab0da7%3A0xe19b9acb7590753b!2sNorth+Atwater+Park!5e0!3m2!1sen!2sus!4v1503000111462" style="border: 0;" width="600"></iframe>
</span>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">We are meeting at 1:00 PM. We are hopeful you will make it and enjoy this opportunity to learn about this ecosystem and how it has been created to clean water before it flows into the Los Angeles River.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">We'll see you there!</span><br />
<br />
<gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="3873da4d-e6ab-472b-bfc5-6f830109eac5" id="44edd8ce-ac23-4755-90ee-c67649357819">david</gs>David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-83592543149041039702017-08-10T14:47:00.001-07:002017-08-10T14:47:40.195-07:00David's List: Low maintenance and Low water Trees not Native to California <div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">First
off – avoid 'fast-growing' not only does it mean higher
maintenance, but also higher water needs. </span></span>
</div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">Secondly
– check non-native plants against an <a href="http://ice.ucdavis.edu/invasives/home/species?term_node_tid_depth=2" target="_blank">up to date 'invasive <gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="1361c718-255a-46b5-8684-43478ec76113" id="f7fd0e54-fc3f-4f04-a81d-1ef628d03282">species'list</gs>.</a> </span></span><span style="color: #663300; font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">Select
“Species Type” = Plants </span></div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300; font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<h3 style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="color: #22456f;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Mobile
Apps on Invasive Species</span></span></span></h3>
<div align="LEFT" style="border: none; line-height: 0.19in; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 1; padding: 0in;">
<img align="LEFT" alt="What's invasive app" border="0" height="50" hspace="2" name="graphics3" src="https://cisr.ucr.edu/images/app_whats_invasive.jpg" vspace="4" width="50" /><strong><span style="color: #666666;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">What's
Invasive!</span></span></strong><span style="color: #666666;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> (<gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="673b153a-cfbe-4b95-b026-269bb74fae0c" id="7ea3e75b-eb72-4ffe-b759-1e4e2d61a36a">free</gs>)</span></span></span><span style="color: #666666;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The what's Invasive app displays local lists of top invasive plants
and/or animals (with images and short descriptions to remind you of
what they look like) that have been identified by the National Park
Service or other invasive management authorities.</span></span></span></div>
<div align="LEFT" style="border: none; line-height: 0.19in; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 1; padding: 0in;">
<img align="LEFT" alt="Calflora app" border="0" height="50" hspace="2" name="graphics4" src="https://cisr.ucr.edu/images/app_calflora.jpg" vspace="4" width="50" /><strong><span style="color: #666666;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;"><gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="c4f533e8-9258-4d48-a208-8cc9f3848a6d" id="a36eb8e8-b59e-4599-91d6-142603b23122">Calflora</gs>
Observer</span></span></strong><span style="color: #666666;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> (free)</span></span></span><span style="color: #666666;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The Calflora Observer is a smart phone app that allows you to quickly
and efficiently report wild plant occurrences. This application makes
it easy for you to report the species name, date and location of over
10,000 California native and non-native plant <gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="2e6b8ff1-de39-4efa-8f8a-adcb248c0420" id="58fa5af2-7ced-4bcf-a31a-b48e845eae60">taxa</gs>.</span></span></span></div>
<div align="LEFT" style="border: none; line-height: 0.19in; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 1; padding: 0in;">
<img align="LEFT" alt="Invasive Plants app" border="0" height="50" hspace="2" name="graphics5" src="https://cisr.ucr.edu/images/invasive_plants_southern_forrests.jpg" vspace="4" width="50" /><strong><span style="color: #666666;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">Invasive
Plants in Southern Forests: Identification and
Management</span></span></strong><span style="color: #666666;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> (free) </span></span></span><span style="color: #666666;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">This
app provides information on accurate identification of the 56
nonnative plants and groups that are currently invading the forests
of the 13 Southern States.</span></span></span></div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;">This
will be a list of mostly small trees (usually under 30'tall) – it
is not inclusive, but it is a start and these trees will mostly not
do you wrong. Always, always, always MULCH under your trees and when
watering <gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="aaf45a27-4b93-49e2-8466-bd22dfec8a6d" id="7867e3a9-5f65-43b0-978c-adb4f55164c5">strive</gs> to get water down into the 18” root zone – if in
doubt, use a soil probe. No freshly planted ANYTHING is drought
resistant – even trees. In the first five or more years, special
attention would be best until they get established.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="color: #663300;"><span style="font-family: "candara" , sans-serif;"></span></span><br />
<table border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<colgroup><col width="35*"></col>
<col width="184*"></col>
<col width="37*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><b>Plant</b></span><br />
</td>
<td width="72%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Notes </b></span></span>
<br />
</td>
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Slide #s </b></span></span>
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">Apple</span><br />
</td>
<td width="72%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><i>Malus pumila </i></span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">Check
for proper fruiting in our area and use a medium to dwarfing root
stock to keep the tree from overtaking you. Apple is one of the
best for a home garden because you can make the apples last longer
with proper storage</span><br />
</td>
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">02A_ </span>
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">Almond</span><br />
</td>
<td width="72%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #222222;"><i>Prunus
dulcis</i></span><span style="color: #222222;">
</span>Only a few will fruit in Southern California
– make sure you have that covered (chill hours vary around here
from 150 to 300 hours – anything with a higher value of chill
hours must be avoided) - all of the fruit trees I've listed have
a gorgeous floral display at some point in the year.</span><br />
</td>
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">03A</span><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">Chaste Tree</span><br />
</td>
<td width="72%">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">(</span></span><em><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Vitex
<gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="6660ac06-6d00-4d04-b609-3a0e6b6d7d15" id="46ece149-bf99-47c0-8ba5-9144c650155c">agnus</gs>-castus</span></span></span></em><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">)</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">
P</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">roduces
lavender-purple flowers in early or mid-spring. The flowers give
off a spicy aroma and the leaves smell faintly of sage. <gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="5036f64c-2833-4817-af59-03f4184060aa" id="0d734039-7d79-4a1d-9baa-6ee59454662a">Shape</gs> by
pruning; flowers are borne on new wood. Not extremely drought
tolerant, give it some water in dry times.</span></span></span><br />
</td>
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">04A</span><br />
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">Cotton Tree</span><br />
</td>
<td width="72%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><i>Gossypium
arboreum</i> To about 15 feet,
these are interesting trees that, with some pruning, make a
delightful multiple <gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="c241608b-14e3-48e2-a36b-c5fae547fdc8" id="ecc39f1f-5b84-41a3-ab76-9e69448507c3">interest</gs> tree in any front yard. Flowers that
open yellow, slowly turn to <gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="b90fbe2a-f5fd-4f76-9730-4ef9ea4b2da2" id="9d2eaa77-f645-471e-af61-01d46cca320e">red</gs> <gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="b90fbe2a-f5fd-4f76-9730-4ef9ea4b2da2" id="fe4479a8-ea41-4413-8d68-c881e9291e1a">then</gs> black as the <gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="b90fbe2a-f5fd-4f76-9730-4ef9ea4b2da2" id="a259d195-eb37-4b40-aeca-47f45bb9ec44">boll</gs> begins to
grow, eventually opening up into puffs of white cotton. Also not
so drought proof – a little summer water is appreciated.</span><br />
</td>
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">05A</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">05B
</span>
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">Crabapple</span><br />
</td>
<td width="72%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><i><gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="a4164e89-b56e-46c5-b218-7230231d02b7" id="92646757-0059-4af9-ab93-7c00542878ea">Malus</gs></i> spp.
Useful for producing pectin if you are in to homemade jams.
White, pink or red flowers, self-pollinating and slow growing.
Hardy without much care and a show in spring.</span><br />
</td>
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">06A</span><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">Crape Myrtle</span><br />
</td>
<td width="72%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;">(</span></span><em><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;">Lagerstroemia</span></span></em><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;">) This
is a small tree of remarkable appearance when in bloom, early to
<gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="2c710e76-7d8d-48af-b3bc-7c746a27f2d0" id="2ec8c294-b959-4289-92c1-5ba39d124897">mid-summer</gs> and attractive foliage come fall. The patchy
attractive bark is reason enough alone to plant this tree –
flowers in red, purple, white and is extremely heat resistant, not
your most drought proof <gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="42c3e710-40a5-4cc8-83e6-3f677ddce7a4" id="388f5bbc-0fa7-419c-ad9e-26ef9b7b6259">tree</gs>, and keep out of high winds. </span></span></span>
<br />
</td>
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">07A</span><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><em><span style="color: black;">Crataegus</span></em><span style="color: black;"> </span>
sp.</span><br />
</td>
<td width="72%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">There are species
from Mexico, Europe and China, all are called <gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="2b1f844d-4588-4909-96ee-63f76f0d1ef9" id="cf8e3d58-cfc0-4c34-86eb-5c694b671628">hawthornes</gs> in common
parlance. Flowers from magenta to white, they are attractive
hedges and can make a good fence on their own with their deadly
long spines. Berries make forage for birds and other species. </span>
<br />
</td>
<td width="14%">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">Jacaranda </span>
<br />
</td>
<td width="72%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><i>Jacaranda mimosifolia </i>the
common blue/purple flowered tree around LA. Not so small, one of
the large on this list<gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="106c54a1-a756-41e8-ba0c-4ba441ed0920" id="d5e768ed-19d5-4986-9536-bc8ef051b77e">,</gs>the prolific flowers are beautiful or messy
depending on viewpoint. Drought resistant as a mature tree, it
needs plenty of water to establish. If planted as a community
street tree the effect is magical or messy, depending on
viewpoint. </span>
<br />
</td>
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">08A</span><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">Jujube</span><br />
</td>
<td width="72%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><i>Ziziphus jujuba, </i>the
Chinese Date Tree is a delightful small tree with pinnately
compound leaves and small brown fruit that tastes similar to
apples and can be dried. You must have two trees to get fruit<gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="c4da4e49-f38f-4e07-a568-f2155b23bc19" id="681b0d0f-d58a-4ed7-8e1f-4a3383b8dadf">,</gs>the
commercial varieties are almost always <i>Li</i>
and <i>Lang</i>. </span>
<br />
</td>
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><i>09A</i></span><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">Magnolia</span><br />
</td>
<td width="72%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Magnolia <gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="f35bcb45-ff33-486e-a449-ae9fa142eb45" id="10820ca4-5266-4633-8f2d-b799f61e2f80">spp</gs>.
</i></span></span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">Some
species are barely more than shrubs – not to be confused with
some that are quite large trees. Choose from:</span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>
</b></span></span><strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">Star
magnolia</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> is
a smaller variety of magnolia that produces beautiful, white,
star-shaped flowers in early spring. The flowers are fragrant and
long lasting. Grows up to 20' tall with similar spread. Cold and
heat tolerant. Plant in full sun to partial shade in moist,
well-drained soil. </span></span></span><strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">Saucer
magnolia</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">
(<gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="f9105d52-8367-4346-96d2-369fd3df1609" id="9cf1dac6-ac83-45d1-aeed-8b7f2b3a2e1a">var</gs> Little Star) only grows about 16' tall and 20' wide,
producing large pinkish-purple flowers in early spring. Plant this
magnolia in a sheltered area in full sun and moist, well-drained
soil. </span></span></span>
<br />
</td>
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">10A</span><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">Maples
</span>
<br />
</td>
<td width="72%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><i>Acer
palmatum </i></span><span style="color: black;">is
a slow-growing small tree with beautiful, intricate, delicate
leaves make this tree a real focal point in a garden. Foliage
ranges from green to deep red; some leaves are light green, edged
in red. Plant in partial shade in moist, acidic, well-drained
soil. Protect from harsh afternoon sun</span> </span>
<br />
</td>
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">11A</span><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">Olive
Tree</span><br />
</td>
<td width="72%">
<span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><i><b>Olea
europaea</b></i></span></span></span><br />
</td>
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">11B</span><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="7fdcc567-f59c-46d8-bb02-a8ae30f55c4b" id="ad8c785b-d360-4aa8-bdb1-4eaa1ffcb8e6">Paperbark</gs>
</span>
<br />
</td>
<td width="72%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Melaleuca
linariifolia </i>Well cared for
to 100' but usually closer to 30' <span style="color: black;">(</span><i><em><span style="color: black;">Melaleuca
linariifolia</span></em></i><span style="color: black;">)
</span><strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Tea
tree</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;"> grows
up to 20' tall and 12' wide. Native to Australia, the tea tree has
aromatic, evergreen leaves and produces tiny white, pink, or red
flowers from late winter into summer. Enjoys western coastal areas
and is drought tolerant when mature. Plant in full sun. The
pealing bark <gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="0fb9634c-a081-48dc-892c-41388b18626c" id="eb5720b3-755b-4cc1-92f6-e885eee7c676">make</gs> this tree much more interesting than a lot of
other trees. </span></span></span>
<br />
</td>
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">12A </span>
<br />
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">12B</span><br />
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">Pawpaw</span><br />
</td>
<td width="72%">
<em><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">Asimina
triloba </span></span></em><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">Needing
more water than the other plants on this list, the American pawpaw</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">
is a 15' - 30' fruit tree, with a tropical appearance. Purple
mid-spring blooms give way to green fruits that ripen to black
with a pear/banana taste. Leaves turn gold in fall. Plant at least
two trees for pollination. Prune off low-growing branches to give
this shrubby tree a more <gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="e925cedf-6216-4d35-ab7a-75a5424b8598" id="00b10b0f-69eb-4e9d-8cc6-c61b7e6862e5">tree-like</gs> appearance. Plant in partial
shade in loose soil' full sun in CA will toast it..</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span>
<br />
</td>
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">13A</span><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">Peaches</span><br />
</td>
<td width="72%">
<strong><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">Prunus
persica</span></i></span></span></span></strong><strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span></span></strong><strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Peach</span></span></span></span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">trees</span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">
grow 15' - 25' with dark green leaves that provide a beautiful
contrast with the attractive mid-spring flowers and brilliant mid-
to late summer fruit. Plant in full sun, in moist, well-drained
soil. Mulch to protect the shallow roots. Prune in late winter.</span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>
</b></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">Most
peaches are not self-fertile, depending on the variety you choose,
you may need to plant more than one. </span></span>
<br />
</td>
<td width="14%">
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">Plums
</span>
<br />
</td>
<td width="72%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><i>Prunus
</i>spp. Many plums do
wonderfully in our area – they are prolific and of all the fruit
trees require the most effort in pruning and keeping them to size.
They are not horribly drought tolerant and will need summer water
– especially in their first 10 years in order to get
established. They can be extremely showy with their dark purple
leaves. </span>
<br />
</td>
<td width="14%">
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">Quince</span><br />
</td>
<td width="72%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="color: #222222;"><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">Cydonia
oblonga</span></i></span></strong><strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">
Quince</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">grows
6' - 10' tall and wide, producing bright scarlet, pink, or white
blossoms in spring. Some varieties bloom again in fall, but at the
expense of fruitfulness. Tangled branches and sharp spines may
detract from its usefulness in small spaces but make it a
first-class barrier plant!. Fall-ripened fruit can be used to make
jelly or jam. Prune after flowering to maintain shape. </span>
Some scholars believe quince to be the forbidden fruit Eve enjoyed
in the Garden of Eden.</span><br />
</td>
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">14A</span><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="3198cb73-5542-48be-bd38-d909567b2819" id="78a9fd31-c09e-46d4-a2ca-16e8b128e3bd">Sweetshade</gs></span><br />
</td>
<td width="72%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Hymenosporum
flavum, </i></span>Australian relative of pittosporum.
Besides the great dark green foliage and the sweet (honey) scent
of it's flowers, it is the narrowness of this tree (to 6') that
makes it useful in odd spots.</span><br />
</td>
<td width="14%">
<span style="font-family: Candara, sans-serif;">15A</span><br />
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0in;">
</div>
David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-68216230984701536252017-07-27T15:57:00.000-07:002017-07-27T15:57:42.110-07:002nd Field Trip - The Lyle Center <span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Note: The drive out there always takes longer than you think it will - this trip will be further congested by the fact the Dodgers are playing a home game at 1:00 PM Try to avoid downtown LA however you can! </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://env.cpp.edu/rs/rs" target="_blank">For a preview of the Lyle Center, you can go here</a>.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;">
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="450" src="https://www.google.com/maps/embed?pb=!1m18!1m12!1m3!1d15277.050466135172!2d-117.83308083355156!3d34.051273257064786!2m3!1f0!2f0!3f0!3m2!1i1024!2i768!4f13.1!3m3!1m2!1s0x80c32ea9ec4b64b7%3A0x2259cc25b98ae50b!2sJohn+T.+Lyle+Center+for+Regenerative+Studies!5e0!3m2!1sen!2sus!4v1501195478975" style="border: 0;" width="600"></iframe> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;">After we finish our tour of the site, we will go down the hill to the "Farm Store" and get a bite to eat before heading back. This has always been a point for some good conversation and sometimes even some "off the record" instructor talk.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">On our way out, the Dodger game is scheduled to start at 1:00. LA Dodger fans are known for being late (and leaving early) which means, downtown LA might be something you ought to consider avoiding. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif; font-size: large;">The way I'd suggest to do that, is to go north into the Valley (on the 405N) and take the 101 E to the 134 E to the 210 E and exit to the 57 S. Going south to the 60 or the 105, I have found to be deadly slow. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif; font-size: large;">Coming from Orange County, if the 57 is close to you, take that all way to our site.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Please note that depending on the game, the Dodgers might just be letting out so continue to avoid downtown LA. Unless we hear otherwise. Reverse the above directions to get home. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Remember our final field trip is next week! </span></span>David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-70734582364312893802017-07-13T14:39:00.001-07:002017-07-13T14:39:15.751-07:00The Soil Triangle<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNybQzWHcizG9W1kVabJa_IDJf9EmW9xv1MbJfZVVp85o2ooRuG6fzrFlW4IY4rjTolvwK8I84oCfR7ygf803P1-7g-akV7sK_l-WoHhN_BL5EjUzXapKuKK0nraodmfk15_fDPc5Yqtc/s1600/SoilTriangle.gif" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNybQzWHcizG9W1kVabJa_IDJf9EmW9xv1MbJfZVVp85o2ooRuG6fzrFlW4IY4rjTolvwK8I84oCfR7ygf803P1-7g-akV7sK_l-WoHhN_BL5EjUzXapKuKK0nraodmfk15_fDPc5Yqtc/s1600/SoilTriangle.gif" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<h3 align="CENTER" class="western">
</h3>
<h3 align="CENTER" class="western">
<span style="font-size: medium;">Using the Soil
Texture Triangle </span>
</h3>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Follow these steps to determine the
name of your soil texture:</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
1. Place the edge of a ruler or other
straight edge at the point along the base of the triangle that
represents the percent of sand in your sample. Position the ruler on
or parallel to the lines which slant toward the base of the triangle.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
2. Place the edge of a second ruler at
the point along the right side of the triangle that represents the
percent of silt in your sample. Position the ruler on or parallel to
the lines which slant toward the base of the triangle.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
3. Place the point of a pencil or pen
at the point where the two lines meet. Place the top edge of one of
the rulers on the mark, and hold the ruler parallel to the horizontal
lines. The number on the left should be the percent of clay in the
sample.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
The descriptive name of the soil sample
is written in the shaded area where the mark is located. If the mark
should fall directly on a line between two descriptions, record both
names.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Sand will feel "gritty",
while silt will feel like powder or flour. Clay will feel "sticky"
and hard to squeeze, and will probably stick to your hand. Looking at
the textural triangle, try to estimate how much sand, silt, or clay
is in the sample. Find the name of the texture that this <gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="966d4696-5f08-4c7a-98a0-5a550c628130" id="7aa384b2-e3e3-4552-8251-3cd3f2d4d9ea">soil</gs>
corresponds to.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<h3 class="western">
Practice Exercises</h3>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Use the following numbers to determine
the soil texture name using the textural triangle. When a number is
missing, fill in the blanks (the sum of % sand, silt and clay should
always add up to 100%) - the last line has been left blank for you to
fill in the numbers you assign to your own soil sample.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<br />
<h3 class="western">
</h3>
<br />
<table border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0" style="width: 591px;">
<colgroup><col width="118"></col>
<col width="94"></col>
<col width="130"></col>
<col width="191"></col>
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="118">
<div align="CENTER">
<b>% SAND</b></div>
</td>
<td width="94">
<div align="CENTER">
<b>%SILT</b></div>
</td>
<td width="130">
<div align="CENTER">
<b>%CLAY</b></div>
</td>
<td width="191">
<div align="CENTER">
<b>TEXTURE NAME</b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="118">
75<br />
</td>
<td width="94">
10<br />
</td>
<td width="130">
15<br />
</td>
<td width="191">
<gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="70531232-dfa8-452b-8935-b4236bbe1bf1" id="df003c57-c0d4-4e8b-afa9-6443c3caaee4">sandy</gs> loam<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="118">
10<br />
</td>
<td width="94">
83<br />
</td>
<td width="130">
7<br />
</td>
<td width="191">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="118">
42<br />
</td>
<td width="94">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="130">
37<br />
</td>
<td width="191">
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="118">
<br />
<br />
</td>
<td width="94">
52<br />
</td>
<td width="130">
21<br />
</td>
<td width="191">
<br />
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<td width="118">
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<td width="94">
35<br />
</td>
<td width="130">
50<br />
</td>
<td width="191">
<br />
<br />
</td>
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<td width="118">
30<br />
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<td width="94">
55<br />
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<td width="130">
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<td width="191">
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37<br />
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21<br />
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5<br />
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70<br />
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<td width="191">
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55<br />
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<td width="94">
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<td width="130">
40<br />
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<td width="118">
<br />
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<td width="94">
45<br />
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<td width="130">
10<br />
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David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7076133254212965047.post-20036083253929020192017-07-13T14:37:00.000-07:002017-07-13T14:37:05.280-07:00A Bibliography for Studying Soils <table border="1" bordercolor="#ffffff" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
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<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><b>Out
of the Earth: Civilization and the Life of the Soil</b>; <span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">©</span>1992
University of California Press, Hillel, Daniel. Hillel has
written one of the most beautiful books on soil that has ever been
published. This book introduces a little of soil science to the
reader, but more than that, it fosters a love of the soil and an
understanding about the magnitude and gravity of misuse and
degradation; civilizations have paid little heed to the soil
underfoot and it has cost them dearly. A delightful read! Highly recommended!! </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><b>Soils
and Men, Yearbook of Agriculture 1938</b>, <span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">©</span>
1938, United States Department of Agriculture, The Committee on
Soils. A government publication, no sane person will read from
beginning to end! It is referenced here because it clearly shows
the US government knew about the soil food web as early as 1938
and chose to ignore that information in favor of more commerce in
chemical based fertilizers. We are at a point where ignoring the
soil food web is too costly to continue. A solid book, but if you are not making soil your primary career choice, this is a bit, um, overwhelming.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><b>Teaming
with Microbes: The Organic Gardener's Guide to the Soil Food Web</b>,
Revised Edition, <span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">©</span></span>
2010 Timber Press, Lowenfels, Jeff and Lewis, Wayne. This is the
second edition of the book that blew my eyes open on the biology
of the soil and how we cannot ignore that biology plays at least
as big a part of soil fertility as chemistry. We ignore biology
to our own detriment and destroy our soils. A fantastic basic book to working with soil in a garden.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><b>The
Rodale Book of Composting</b>, <span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">©</span>1992
Rodale Press, Martin, Deborah and Gershuny, Grace Editors. This
is the only book to read on composting. Everything else is
<gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="4eeff198-e9b0-4a9c-b05c-d6bb1b796813" id="a3176618-360c-47f2-bbf2-5b74bfda4c46">compostable</gs>. </span>
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<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><b>The
Soul of Soil; A Guide to Ecological Soil Management,</b> 2<sup><gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="7b2dd06c-7454-4c5c-a173-a4f8ff712ee5" id="17e32386-6c5d-4cb1-8013-7cb03dd3bda1">nd</gs></sup>
Edition, <span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">©</span>1986; Gaia
Services, Gershuny, Grace. This fabulous and passionate book is
injured by being targeted to farmers (only) and therefore all
recommendations are written in “pound per acre,” when we need
ounces per 100 square feet. When I used this book, I wrote up a
formula in Excel to convert all these into a usable figure. </span>
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<span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>The Worst
Hard Time, The Untold Story of Those Who Survived The Great
American Dustbowl</b> <span style="font-family: Gill Sans MT, sans-serif;">©
2006; Mariner Reprint Edition, Egan, Timothy. Not strictly a soils
book, but a real eye opener that shows how we are repeating many
of the same mistakes today as what lead to the disaster we call
the Dustbowl. This book is gripping reading and is not fiction.
It really happened and it happened on a scale unprecedented in
modern times. We can do it again if we fail to heed these words.
A VERY good read <gs class="GINGER_SOFTWARE_mark" ginger_software_uiphraseguid="5a05841f-a860-47ec-a11e-899b0b771cf4" id="81b732be-6ac2-4dca-af8f-7bab507419d3">on</gs> soils and man's relationship to them.</span></span></span><br />
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David Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01532504319077300026noreply@blogger.com0